within the framework of international political economy, this article discusses the situation of energy resources, including oil and gas, in central asia and argues that due to abundance of oil and gas resources in such countries as kazakhstan, turkmenistan and uzbekistan, and hefty revenues generated by those resources, statesmen in these countries are planning to turn central asia into a majo...

fractional flow analysis confirms the advantages of surfactant alternative gas injection (sag) in enhanced oil recovery, but an adsorption phenomenon that has been affected by several factors, weakens the effectiveness of sag injection. in this study, the effects of sacrificial agent, gas phase, and surfactant concentration on adsorption density on silica mineral were investigated by static and...

This paper assesses the technical and economic feasibility of a novel idea: Reducing the emission of carbon dioxide, the greenhouse gas contributing to global warming, by combusting solid wastes with industrial oxygen mixed with recirculated flue gas. The process gas, consisting mosdy of carbon dioxide, would be compressed and used in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) projects. By using municipal and...

iranian oil buy back contract is a kind of service contract that foreign party carries out all operations in development or reconstruction of oil or gas field with its costs. in return, national iranian oil company obliges to compensate contractor all capital or non-capital costs necesserly by produced oil or gas from the same field. the energy charter treaty as the most perfect international t...

We investigate the effect of different saturation histories relevant to various oil displacement processes (including secondary and tertiary gas injections) on three-phase gas/oil/brine relative permeabilities of water-wet sandstone. It is found that three-phase water (wetting phase) relative permeability is primarily a function of water saturation and shows no dependency upon saturation histor...

Virtually all of the published correlations for solution gas-oil ratios for pressures at and below bubblepoint pressures suffer from two major deficiencies. First, calculated values of solution gas-oil ratios do not match the concave up, point of inflection, concave down shapes as pressure declines below the bubblepoint that are evident in experimental data, especially at high initial solution ...

Carbon dioxide flooding is considered to be one of the most effective enhanced oil recovery methods for the light oil reservoirs. Depending on the operating pressure, the process might be miscible or immiscible. Minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is the most important parameter for assessing the applicability of any miscible gas flood for an oil reservoir. The miscibility condition is determine...

With the development of strategic oil and gas assets, massive spatiotemporal oil and gas data have been accumulated. Application systems that assist in the storage and management of the voluminous and complex oil and gas datasets are in high demand. The voluminous and various data should be leveraged and turned into information for business decision-making and operation assistance. In this pape...

Proper allocation and distribution of lift gas is necessary for maximizing total oil production from a eld with gas lifted oil wells. When the supply of the lift gas is limited, the total available gas should be optimally distributed among the oil wells of the eld such that the total production of oil from the eld is maximized. This paper describes a non-linear optimization problem with constra...

Introduction Conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons are likely to remain the main component of the energy mix needed to meet the growing global energy demand in the next 50 years. The worldwide production of crude oil could drop by nearly 40 million B/D by 2020 from existing projects, and an additional 25 million B/D of oil will need to be produced for the supply to keep pace with consump...