Maternal stress is common during pregnancy and the postnatal period. This stress typically activates the sympathetic nervous system which releases catecholamines. This study explored the influence of sympathectomy by using neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) on embryo implantation, and investigated the influence mechanism of sympathectomy on reconstruction of endometrial structure during earl...

Parkinson's disease has traditionally been viewed as a motor disorder caused by the loss of dopamine (DA) neurons. However, emotional and cognitive syndromes can precede the onset of the motor deficits and provide an opportunity for therapeutic intervention. Potassium channels have recently emerged as potential new targets in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The selective blockade of small...

The goal of this study was to determine whether gypenosides (GPS) exert protective effects against dopaminergic neuronal cell death in a 6-hydroxydopamine (OHDA)-lesioned rat model of Parkinson’s disease (PD) with or without long-term 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) treatment. Rats were injected with 6OHDA in the substantia nigra to induce PD-like symptoms; 14 days after injection, groups o...

Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor with anti-TNF-alpha activity, associated with its anti-inflammatory action. Considering Parkinson's disease (PD) as a neuroinflammatory disorder, the objectives were to evaluate PTX neuroprotective properties, in a model of PD. Male Wistar rats, divided into sham-operated (SO), untreated 6-OHDA, and 6-OHDA treated with PTX (10, 25, and 50 mg...

This study investigated the neurotoxic effects of rotenone and 6-hyroxydopamine (6-OHDA), two compounds which have been implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in the impairment of movement. During the disease process, a group of dopamine-containing cells in the brain region called the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNc), degenerate. Whilst genet...

Purpose: The effect of a highly selective 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced lesion of the nigrostriatal system on the astroglial and microglial activation was analysed in adult Wistar rats after an unilateral striatal injection of the neurotoxin. Methods: Male rats received an unilateral stereotaxical injection of the 6-OHDA in the left side of the neostriatum and were sacrificed 22 days later...

PURPOSE Several evidences show that serotonergic neurons play a role in the regulation of movements executed by the basal ganglia. Recently we have reported that single dose of buspirone improved 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and haloperidol-induced catalepsy. This study is aimed to investigate effect of chronic intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of buspirone on 6-OHDA-induced catalepsy in male...

Bax, a member of the Bcl-2 gene family, is known to promote apoptosis in many cases but to block cell death under certain conditions. To investigate the potential role of Bax in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced cell death, we first established and characterized a dopaminergic neuronal cell line (MN9D) stably overexpressing hemagglutinin epitope-tagged Bax (MN9D/HA-Bax) as well as control clon...

The midbrain dopaminergic perikarya are differentially affected in Parkinson׳s disease (PD). This study compared the effects of a partial unilateral intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion model of PD on the number, morphology, and nucleolar volume of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and retrorubral field (RRF). Adult, male r...