Global evidence for non-random dynamics in fish recruitment Charles T. Perretti1,3∗, Stephan B. Munch, Michael J. Fogarty George Sugihara 1 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA 2 National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA 3 National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administr...

This letter investigates the possibility of using a new universal approximator—support vector machines (SVMs)—as the nonlinear transfer function between oceanic chlorophyll concentration and marine reflectance. The SeaBAM dataset is used to evaluate the proposed approach. Experimental results show that the SVM performs as well as the optimal multilayer perceptron (MLP) and can be a promising al...

University of Maine, School of Marine Sciences, 5706 Aubert Hall, Orono, ME 04469, U.S.A. 2National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, State Oceanic Administration, Beijing 100081, China California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 4800 Oak Grove Rd., Pasadena, CA 91109, U.S.A. 4Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, P.O. Box 23-13, Taipei 106, Taiwan Ins...

adaptive radiation Evolution of ecological and phenotypic diversity within a rapidly multiplying lineage. allopatric Occurring in separate, nonoverlapping geographic areas. dioecious In plants, having the male and female reproductive organs borne on separate individuals of the same species. disharmony The nonrandom representation of biota among natural colonists of oceanic islands as compared w...

Oceanic phytoplankton, atmospheric aerosol and Raman scattering impacts on space-based ultraviolet radiance measurements R.-M. Hu and R. S. Sokhi Centre for Atmospheric and Instrumentation Research (CAIR), University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Herts AL109AB, UK Received: 31 July 2007 – Accepted: 29 September 2007 – Published: 9 October 2007 Correspondence to: R.-M. Hu (r.hu@herts...

Atmospheric levels of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, vary greatly in the climate record and are usually thought to be due to emissions from continental wetlands. However, Tessa Hill et al. report that methane was released into the atmosphere from the oceans during the period of global warming associated with the most recent deglaciation. The results suggest that, at times, much more methane ...

The effective reflectance of the foam on the ocean surface together with the fraction of the surface covered with foam describes the optical influence of whitecaps in the solar spectral range. This effective reflectance is found to be -22% in the visible spectral range and is presented as a function of wavelength for the solar spectral range. With the fraction of the surface covered with foam, ...

Atmospheric aerosols alter oceanic activity Oceans remain a key convergence point where anthropogenic and natural environmental effects can affect climate change and alter food chains. For example, mineral dust, soot, organic molecules, and other microscopic particles can become aerosolized in the atmosphere and provide nutrients and trace metals for phytoplankton in the open ocean. Adina Payta...

Oceanic bacteria perform many environmental functions, including biogeochemical cycling of many elements, metabolizing of greenhouse gases, functioning in oceanic food webs (microbial loop), and producing valuable natural products and viruses. We demonstrate that the widespread capability of marine bacteria to participate in horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in coastal and oceanic environments may...

Oceanic uptake of carbon dioxide substantially reduces the rate at which anthropogenic carbon accumulates in the atmosphere1, slowing global climate change. Some studies suggest that the rate at which the oceans take up carbon has significantly decreased in recent years2–8. Others suggest that decadal variability confounds the detection of long-term trends9–11. Here, we examine trends in the pa...