[1] We measure direction and amplitude of ocean-generated continuous seismic noise in the western United States. Slowness direction of the noise is determined using array beamforming, and particle motion direction from individual three-component stations. We find two surprising results. First, the noise is highly monodirectional at all sites, regardless of coastal distance. A single narrow gene...

Consider a two-dimensional stratified solitary wave propagating through a body of water that is bounded below by an impermeable ocean bed. In this work, we study how such a wave can be recovered from data consisting of the wave speed, upstream and downstream density and velocity profile, and the trace of the pressure on the bed. In particular, we prove that this data uniquely determines the wav...

A method to obtain coherent acoustic wave fronts by measuring the space–time correlation function of ocean noise between two hydrophones is experimentally demonstrated. Though the sources of ocean noise are uncorrelated, the time-averaged noise correlation function exhibits deterministic waveguide arrival structure embedded in the time-domain Green’s function. A theoretical approach is derived ...

In this project, which is closely linked to a separate project where the goal is to measure wave induced bubble clouds and their effect on radiance in the upper ocean (N000140710754), we intend to address the disturbing fact that despite the fundamental importance of optical backscatter in the ocean it is still not possible to explain more than 5 to 10 percent of the particulate backscattering ...

The breaking of internal tides is believed to provide a large part of the power needed to mix the abyssal ocean and sustain the meridional overturning circulation. Both the fraction of internal tide energy that is dissipated locally and the resulting vertical mixing distribution are crucial for the ocean state, but remain poorly quantified. Here we present a first worldwide estimate of mixing d...

This paper presents an overview of the development of the numerical wave prediction models and recently used neural networks for wave hindcasting and forecasting. The numerical wave models express the physical concepts of the phenomena. The performance of the numerical wave model depends on how best the phenomena are expressed into the numerical schemes, so that more accurate wave parameters co...

The air-sea drag coefficient controls the transfer of momentum from wind to water. In modeling storm surge, this coefficient is a crucial parameter for estimating the surge height. This study uses two strong wind events on Lake Erie to calibrate the drag coefficient using the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Wave Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system and the the Regional Ocean Modeling System (RO...

Ocean waves move due to gravity: the water at crests is heavier than the air surrounding it and so it falls, overshoots its equilibrium position and then at a trough feels an upward restoring force. The same phenomena occurs below the ocean surface. Cold water lifted upward into warmer surroundings will feel a downward buoyancy force and downwarddisplaced warm water will feel an upward buoyancy...