Positive and negative schizotypy may represent discrete factors or dimensions. To determine if distinct neurocognitive profiles are associated with these dimensions or factors, we classified university students on the basis of positive and negative schizotypal symptoms and conducted separate analyses. Following prior work in the neuropsychiatric literature, we predicted that subtle prefrontal d...

Fifty-one adolescent-onset anorexia nervosa (AN) cases recruited after community screening were compared with 51 age-, sex-, and school-matched cases with regard to personality disorders and autism-spectrum disorders (ASD)/empathy disorders at age 21 years. All 102 cases had originally been examined at a mean age of 16 years, slightly over a year after the reported onset of the eating disorder....

Fire-setting is a serious and costly form of antisocial behavior. Our objective in this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of intentional fire-setting behavior in the United States. Data were derived from a nationally representative sample of US residents 18 years and older. Structured psychiatric interviews (N = 43,093) were completed by trained lay interviewers between 2001 an...

BACKGROUND Difficult asthma is a severe subgroup of asthma in which the main feature is uncontrollability of symptoms. Psychopathology is suggested to be prominent in patients with difficult asthma and considered important in its treatment; however, the evidence is scarce. AIMS To describe psychopathology in difficult asthma, both major mental and personality disorders, based on diagnostic in...

School refusal is a phenomenon that first drew attention in Japan around 1960 and it remains one of the major issues in child psychiatry today. Moreover, it is now said that there exists a large group of latent school refusers currently attending school but harboring feelings of school avoidance. To address this issue, a questionnaire survey was conducted on students enrolled in a junior high a...

AIM To investigate the association of uncontrolled hypertension with psychological factors associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (type D personality, depression, posttraumatic stress-related symptoms). METHODS 205 consecutive outpatient hypertensives completed three questionnaires evaluating Type D personality (DS 16), post traumatic symptoms (revised Impact of Events Sc...

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there are differences in emotional processing among people with obsessive-compulsive disorder, using Lang's dimensional model of emotions. A total of 22 individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder participated in the study and were compared to a control group (n=25). All participants assessed a set of photographs with emotional content ...

INTRODUCTION This research reports on a prospective outcome study of two cohorts of patients with severe, chronic, resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS One cohort consisted of a total of 52 patients treated in an inpatient setting, while the second group comprised 65 patients treated in a community-outpatient setting. Treatment consistent primarily of intensive graded exposu...