An example of an object model is given in full in three languages: Alloy, a new notation; Z, a formal specification language; and UML, a modelling notation popular in industry. Basic features of Alloy are explained informally, and briefly justified by comparison of the Alloy version to the UML and Z versions.

z-If the Z0 boson is made of colored subconstituents it can be produced in pp (and pp) collisions through the subprocess gluon + gluon-) Z " + gluon. Rate is estimated from Z "-7 mixing parameter and found comparable to that of Drell-Yan process.-Events with a large PT 2' and a large PT balancing gluon should be observed at pp collider. The possibility that the weak W* and 2' bosons together wi...

Minimization of decision trees is a well studied problem. In this work, we introduce two new problems related to minimization of decision trees. The problems are called minimum verification set (MinVS) and minimum path decision tree (MinPathDT) problems. Decision tree problems ask the question “What is the unknown given object?”. MinVS problem on the other hand asks the question “Is the unknown...

The evaluation of an information systems development method (Swatman& Swatman, 1992) synthesised from research into: the object oriented approach mathematically formal speci cation languages socio-organisational contextual analysis. has led us to analyse the process by which models of the problem context (loosely, requirements speci cations) developed under this approach are validated. Our rese...

Object oriented constraint programs (OOCPs) emerge as a leading evolution of constraint programming and artificial intelligence, first applied to a range of industrial applications called configuration problems. The rich variety of technical approaches to solving configuration problems (CLP(FD), CC(FD), DCSP, Terminological systems, constraint programs with set variables, . . . ) is a source of...

Open component architectures, such as CORBA, allow software systems to be composed of independent components. The behavior of components is described with a mixture of an interface definition language (IDL) and informal prose. This may lead to ambiguous descriptions. This paper proposes an abstract specification of components using the formal specification language Object-Z. The usage of Object...

In this paper we compare and contrast two alternative semantics as a means of combining CSP with Object-Z. The purpose of this combination is to more effectively specify complex, concurrent systems: while CSP is ideal for modelling systems of concurrent processes, Object-Z is more suitable for modelling the data structures often needed to model the processes themselves. The first semantics, the...

Developing reliable yet flexible software is a hard problem. Although modeling methods enjoy a lot of advantages, the exclusive use of just one of them, in many cases, may not guarantee the development of reliable and flexible software. Formal modeling methods ensure reliability because they use a rigorous approach to software development. However, lack of knowledge and high cost practically fo...

We present the results of colour selection of candidate high redshift galaxies in Hub-ble Deep Field South (HDF-S) using the Lyman dropout scheme. The HDF-S data we discuss were taken in a number of different filters extending from the near–UV (F300W) to the infrared (F222M) in two different fields. This allows us to select candidates with redshifts from z∼3 to z∼12. We find 15 candidate z∼3 ob...

Let Σ be the class of functions f(z) form f(z)=1z+∑k=0∞akzk, which are analytic in punctured disk. Using differentiations and integrations, new operator Dnf(z) is introduced for f(z)∈Σ. The object present paper to discuss some interesting properties concerned with different boundary points open unit Moreover, simple examples our results shown.