BACKGROUND Previous results have shown that in rats with non-ascitic cirrhosis there is an altered transport of sugars and amino acids associated with elongated microvilli. These alterations returned to normal with the administration of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I). The aims of this study were to explore the evolution of these alterations and analyse the effect of IGF-I in rats with adv...

We have suggested previously that Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3), a negative regulator of Akt activity in insulin-sensitive tissues, could mediate glucose-induced insulin resistance in muscle under conditions of chronic hyperglycemia (Liu J, Wu X, Franklin JL, Messina JL, Hill HS, Moellering DR, Walton RG, Martin M, Garvey WT. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 298: E565-E576, 2010). In the current stud...

INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 184 ORGANIC NUTRIENTS ............................................................................ 185 Monosaccharides .................................................................................. 185 Amino Acids ...................................................................................

Little information is currently available concerning temporal changes in nutrient transport following the addition of manure to cropland areas. This study was conducted to measure nutrient transport in runoff as affected by tillage and time following the application of beef cattle or swine manure to a site on which corn [Zea mays (L.)] was grown. Rainfall simulation tests were initiated 4, 32, ...

Nutrient dynamics in the Bela watershed, Nepal were examined using a range of GIS budget modelling and field analysis techniques. The fertility status analysis showed that soil acidity, phosphorus availability, and lack of base cations were the key soil fertility issues. Nutrient budget calculations revealed significant annual phosphorus deficits for maize rota­ tions, but only minor deficits i...

Adequate adaptation of the gastrointestinal tract is important during pregnancy to ensure that the increased metabolic demands by the developing fetus are met. These include changes in surface area mediated by villus hypertrophy and enhanced functional capacity of individual nutrient receptors, including those transporting glucose, fructose, leucine, and calcium. These processes are regulated e...

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, University of London, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 ZPF, UK Growth of the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus shibatae was tested on a range of carbon and nitrogen sources. Optimal defined and complex growth media were developed and growth conditions in both shake flask and fermenter cultures were opti...

Understanding the link between placental function and fetal growth is critical to comprehend the mechanisms underlying altered fetal growth. This study investigated the relationship between fetal weight and placentome type and size in placentae of singleton and twin fetuses and fetuses within a twin pair from ad libitum-fed ewes at d 140 of pregnancy. In addition, insulin, IGF-I, metabolites, a...

Small peptides (2-5 amino acid residues) are transported into Saccharomyces cerevisiae via two transport systems: PTR (Peptide TRansport) for di-/tripeptides and OPT (OligoPeptide Transport) for oligopeptides of 4-5 amino acids in length. Although regulation of the PTR system has been studied in some detail, neither the regulation of the OPT family nor the environmental conditions under which f...

The dissolved nitrogen pool in aquatic systems is comprised of many different nitrogen forms, both inorganic and organic. Interaction among these nitrogen forms at the level of uptake and enzyme activity is, with the exception of NH4 + and NO3 , not completely understood. Nitrate reductase (NR) and urease (UA) activities in the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii (Grunow) Fryxell et Hasle w...