OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is (1) to identify obesity-related lifestyle behaviour patterns of diet, physical activity, sedentary and sleep behaviours in preschool children, (2) to examine the association between identified behaviour clusters and overweight/obesity and (3) to investigate differences in children's family environments according to clusters. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPA...

We test the hypothesis that parents who conceived twins by assisted reproduction technology (ART), but experienced loss of one twin, have a different parental-child relationship compared with ART parents following a singleton pregnancy. We used the 1994-2005 ART database of the Centre for Infertility of the Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova in Reggio Emilia, Italy to identify families of 53 singlet...

OBJECTIVE To investigate camera awareness of female dental nurses and nursery school children as the frequency of camera-related behaviours observed during fluoride varnish applications in a community based health programme. METHODS Fifty-one nurse-child interactions (three nurse pairs and 51 children) were video recorded when Childsmile nurses were applying fluoride varnish onto the teeth of...

The subtitle of this book reveals its scope and limitation. The case study is of normal, highly verbal child?the youngest of three girls in a professional middle-class fatf"^ From the age of two years and three months she attended a well-run nursery school, parents were welcomed, for two mornings a week. The writer, as a friend of the fa^r' had exceptional opportunities for direct observation o...

In a ophthalmic survey conducted in East Jerusalem during 1980 comprising 8896 nursery and primary school children aged 3 to 12 years not a single case of active trachoma could be detected. A similar study carried out in 1968, encompassing the same geographical area, revealed a prevalence of 6.4% among the school children and of 12.5% among the nursery school infants, while a subsequent survey ...

Walter Mischel and colleagues carried out a series of experiments between 1968 and 1974 on the ability of four year-old children attending a nursery school to delay gratification. The experimental paradigm involved offering each child a choice between having a treat, such as a cookie or a marshmallow, immediately, versus receiving a larger treat (e.g., two cookies) after an unspecified delay. I...

This study reports the results of motor performance measurements of Senegalese children aged 3.5-5.5 years. A total of 69 children were studied, of whom 30 were from a town and were attending a nursery school, while 39 were from rural areas and did not attend school. The tests were administered three times at 6 months intervals. The children were divided into two age groups: younger group (less...

BACKGROUND To our knowledge, no rigorously designed clinical trials have evaluated the relation between vitamin D and physician-diagnosed seasonal influenza. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effect of vitamin D supplements on the incidence of seasonal influenza A in schoolchildren. DESIGN From December 2008 through March 2009, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial c...

The present study reports on the personality attributes of nursery school children who two decades later were reliably stratiWed along a liberal/conservative dimension. An unprecedented analytical opportunity existed to evaluate how the political views of these young adults related to assessments of them when in nursery school, prior to their having become political beings. Preschool children w...

When the Scott Report on the training of staff in training centres for the mentally subnormal was published in 1962, it marked an already discernible turning away from a mainly medical concept of care and occupation for the severely subnormal, towards an educational concept of maximum development for the individual. 'Education', it said, '... does not exclude useful training but, on the other h...