In the intestine, mucins are expressed and secreted by goblet cells enterocytes in a constitutive manner response to secretagogues form protective mucus layer. This barrier is often lost inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Interestingly, extracellular nucleotides, through P2Y receptors, were identified as mucin mucinous epithelia. These nucleotides found intestine’s milieu under basal conditions ...

Nucleotides are stored in the dense granules of platelets. The release of nucleotides triggers one of the first steps in a series of cascades responsible for blood coagulation. However, the mechanism of how the nucleotides are accumulated in the granules is still far less understood. The transporter protein responsible for storage of nucleotides in the neuroendocrine cells has been identified a...

The enthalpy of hydrolysis of the 3’-bond of several cyclic 3’,5’-nucleotides and of the 2’-bond of several cyclic 2’,3’nucleotides has been measured calorimetrically. In each case, the enthalpy was indicative of a high energy bond, although values for different compounds varied from -7.7 to 14.1 kcal mole-‘. The enthalpy of hydrolysis of the cyclic 3’,5’-nucleotides, but not that of the cyclic...

The enthalpy of hydrolysis of the 3’-bond of several cyclic 3’,5’-nucleotides and of the 2’-bond of several cyclic 2’,3’nucleotides has been measured calorimetrically. In each case, the enthalpy was indicative of a high energy bond, although values for different compounds varied from -7.7 to 14.1 kcal mole-‘. The enthalpy of hydrolysis of the cyclic 3’,5’-nucleotides, but not that of the cyclic...

Diphosphopyridine nucleotide and triphosphopyridine nucleotide when used in appropriate enzyme systems become exceedingly useful reagents for the measurement of almost any biochemical substance. A companion paper describes procedures for measuring each of the pyridine nucleotides, whether in the oxidized or reduced form, at concentrations as low as 1O-g M and in amounts as small as lo-l5 moles ...

Extracellular ATP (eATP), the most abundant among nucleotides, can act as a mediator during inflammatory responses by binding to plasmamembrane P2 purinergic receptors, which are widely expressed on cells of the immune system. eATP is generally considered as a classical danger signal, which stimulates immune responses in the presence of tissue damage. Converging evidence from several studies us...

Adenosine and adenine nucleotides shorten the action potential duration of atrial myocytes and activate a specific acetylcholine and adenosine receptor-operated potassium outward current referred to as IKACh,Ado The objective of this study was to determine whether adenine nucleotides shorten the action potential duration and increase IKAChAdo in guinea pig atrial myocytes by directly activating...