Thomson [4], et al. v. Thompson, et al. was a lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia on 8 May 2001 as Civil Action Number 01-CV-0973. This lawsuit was filed in hopes of gaining injunctive relief against a moratorium on the federal funding of stem cell research. The plaintiffs in the case were seven prominent scientists who performed embryonic stem cell re...

In the mammalian brain, neurogenesis constitutively occurs in the subventricular zone (SVZ), the olfactory bulb, and the hippocampus throughout adulthood (Kuhn et al., 1996; Lois and Alvarez-Buylla, 1993; Gage, 2000; Pagano et al., 2000; Gritti et al., 2002), and adult hippocampal neurogenesis plays an important role in learning and memory (Deng et al., 2010). In the hippocampus, multipotent ne...

Fig. 4 Negative correlation was observed between the percentage of liver fibrosis and gas-challenge R2* changes (r = -0.764, p = 0.0001). Reference: [1] Malekzadeh et al. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004; 2(4):344-7 [2] Pandharipande et al. Radiology. 2005; 234:661-6732004; 99(6):1160-74 [3] Richter et al. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2000 Aug; 279(2):G454-62. [4] Barash et al. Radi...

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infectious diseases (Kolawale et al., 2009; Delanghe et al., 2000; Hryniewicz et al., 2000). They may be symptomatic or asymptomatic, and either type of infection can result in serious sequelae if not appropriately treated (Pezzlo, 1988). Although different causative agents can be responsible for UTIs, bacteria are the major cause being...

Wild chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, show regional differences in feeding [Boesch and Boesch-Achermann, 2000], tool using [McGrew, 1992], grooming [Nakamura et al., 2000], courtship [Nishida et al., 1999] and vocal communication [Mitani et al., 1992]. Comparisons have revealed at least 39 behavioural differences among chimpanzee populations [Whiten et al., 1999]. Here we add to that list by repor...

Introduction Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is caused by a Gram-negative bacterium, Moraxella bovis. It is characterised by acute contagious ophthalmia and it spreads rapidly among cattle in a herd. M. bovis is generally present on the mucous membranes of healthy animals and is considered to be an opportunistic pathogen (Quinn et al., 1994; Gyles and Thoen, 1993). The bacterium is...

We investigate the roles of political ideology and electoral competition as determinants of land reform implementation in the eastern Indian state of West Bengal. Using a twenty five year panel dataset for a sample of 89 villages, we find evidence against the hypothesis that political ideology alone matters, and find evidence supporting the role of electoral competition. However, the pure Downs...