The standard design parameters of a compression ignition engine fail to give specified performance with strait vegetable oil (SVO) from different origins. This study is performed to find the effect of compression ratio on emission characteristics such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbon (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoke opacity with all the tested fuels in a single cy...

Among human activities, motor vehicles play the most important role in air pollution. Air pollution has negative impacts on people and on the environment. In this paper the effect of oxygen-enriched air (20.8%, 21.8%, 22.8%, 23.8% and 24.8%) and different bioethanol-gasoline blends (zero, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) in different engine speeds (1000 rpm, 2000 rpm and 3000 rpm) on the amount o...

Establishment of emission standards is an important measure for controlling vehicle exhaust. This study examined the emission factors of air pollutants from 40 four-stroke motorcycles of various emission standard phases, ages, and mileage. Based on the emission standards, the motorcycles were divided into three groups (Phases III, IV and V). Regulated air pollutants (CO, HC, and NOx), CO2, and ...

The paper discusses the various methods used in Europe to reduce emissions of pollutants from the stack gases of municipal incinerators. With respect to NOx, the paper mentions two experimental postcombustion control approaches involving the addition of chemicals to the wet-scrubber system to oxidize or reduce the NOx to absorbable NO 2 or dischargeable N 2. As pointed out , these methods would...

Introduction Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a strong greenhouse gas with global warming potential (GWP) which is much greater, by 310 times, than that of CO2, and chronic exposure of humans to it even with low concentrations has been known to cause miscarriages in an early gestation period, liver disorders, kidney troubles, cancers and troubles of nervous systems [1-3]. N2O having such effects and high...

The large amounts of emissions released by forest fires have a significant impact on the atmospheric environment, ecosystems, and human health. Revealing main components fuel under different combustion states is great importance to evaluate ecological environment. Here, self-designed biomass system was used simulate parts (i.e., branch, trunk, bark) five tree species branches, three layers surf...

ةصلاخلا Allopeas gracilis is recorded for the first time in southern Iraq. It was collected from two localities (Abu-Al Khaseeb region and Hareer region) from Basrah city. ضرلاا عقوقلا نم ةنيع نورشعو نامث ي Allopeas gracilis مت للاخ ةرصبلا ةنيدم ،ريرح ةقطنم و بيصخلا وبا ةقطنم نم اھعمج ناسين رھش 2008 راذاو 2008 يلاوتلا ىلع . ليجستلا اذھ ربتعي دعب ةرصبلا ةنيدم نم ةيضرلاا عقاوقلا نم ثلاثلا Monacha...

IMO MARPOL Annex VI regulation has been set for global application to reduce the negative consequences of ship gas emissions SOx, NOx, and CO2. To enforce the regulation, real time gas emission monitoring system is in need. The system in this paper consists of a microcontroller, gas analyzers, sensors and Xbee radio module. The data acquired from the sensors and gas analyzer is transmitted usin...

In a cap-and-trade system, a power plant operator can choose to operate while paying for the necessary emissions allowances, retrofit emissions controls to the plant, or replace the unit with a new plant. Allowance prices are uncertain, as are the timing and stringency of requirements for control of mercury and carbon emissions. We model the evolution of allowance prices for SO2, NOx, Hg, and C...