Abstract This article is about how international law, and specifically its history, taught. The critiques the pedagogy in this area by analysis of textbooks, then considers contexts which legal texts are written, taught read. In light we suggest to teach history law general, better.

This paper considers utility optimal power control for energy harvesting wireless devices with a finite capacity battery. The distribution information of the underlying wireless environment and harvestable energy is unknown and only outdated system state information is known at the device controller. This scenario shares similarity with Lyapunov opportunistic optimization and online learning bu...

This paper discusses what a new paradigm can be in wireless communication systems of the twenty-first century. First, it suggests two directions for the new paradigm; one is “microand nano-device communication system” which is the projected scenario considering that the entities in source and destination have been shrinking throughout the history of wireless communication systems. The second di...

Many software development projects maintain repositories managing work items such as bug reports or tasks. In open-source projects, these repositories are accessible for end-users or clients, allowing them to enter new work items. These artifacts have to be further triaged. The most important step is the initial assignment of a work item to a responsible developer. As a consequence, a number of...

In August, the Pharmaceutical Researchers and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) sought to curb growing public criticism over its consumer advertising practices by releasing voluntary advertising guidelines. The document stated that drug advertising should serve the public health by “ increasing awareness about diseases ” and “ educating patients about treatment options. ” The voluntary PhRMA gui...

BACKGROUND Individual differences in specific components of attention contribute to behavioral reactivity and regulation. Children with the temperament of behavioral inhibition (BI) provide a good context for considering the manner in which certain components of attention shape behavior. Infants and children characterized as behaviorally inhibited manifest signs of heightened orienting to novel...

This paper considers methods for modelling the production function for cognitive achievement in a way that captures theoretical notions that child development is a cumulative process depending on the history of family and school inputs and on innate ability. It develops a general modelling framework that accommodates many of the estimating equations used in the literatures. It considers differe...