background: residents of the northeastern region of iran experience high mortality rates from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (escc). one etiologic factor might be exposure to high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including benzo(|î±|)pyrene (bî±p). we examined whether food or water are the major sources of bî±p exposure in this population. materials and methods: we used a dietary...

background: esophageal cancer is one of the major malignancies around the world. it is the 8th high frequency cancer and the 6th leading cause of cancer death worldwide. the etiology of esophageal carcinoma is thought to be related to the exposure of smoking, alcohol, nitrate and low socioeconomic status. in this study, the status of oral health was evaluated in the population living in the nor...

anthropometry, a useful method for evaluating craniofacial soft tissues, makes the quantitative description of the face possible. it also assesses the degree of disharmony and imbalance in the growth and development of the face. the aim of this study was to examine the overall common age-related changes of nasomaxillary complex of adolescent boys in northeast iran. three- hundred- twelve 12 to ...

background; providing safe drinking water is a prime concerninany community. this analytical study was carried out to evaluate the microbial quality of drinking water in rural areas of northeastern iran. methods;the water microbial quality was determined in all villages (a population of 53047 people), in 3 rounds and based on 3 measurements, i.e. total coliform, fecal coliform, and heterotrophi...

This paper estimates reduced-form Phillips curves for Brazil with a framework of time series with unobserved components, in the spirit of Harvey (2011). However, we allow for expectations to play a key role using data from the Central Bank of Brazil’s Focus survey. Besides GDP, we also use industrial capacity utilization rate and IBC-Br index, as measures of economic activity. Our findings supp...

To improve accuracy and reliability, Boolean combination (BC) can efficiently integrate the responses of multiple biometric systems in the ROC space. However, BC techniques assume that recognition systems are conditionally-independent and that their ROC curves are convex. These assumptions are rarely valid in practice, where systems face complex environments, and are designed using limited enro...

sepiolite deposits have been recently discovered in northeastern iran. however, there is still little information about its physicochemical and mineralogical characteristics. therefore, the collapse of the sepiolite (with sizes of < 63 μm) structure induced by temperature elevation in an electric furnace at 350, 550, and 850 °c for 4 hours was studied using x-ray diffraction (xrd) in combinatio...

Data-Driven Inversion-Based Control (D-IBC) is a recently introduced control design method for uncertain nonlinear systems, relying on a two degree-of-freedom architecture, with a nonlinear controller and a linear controller running in parallel. In this paper, extending to the MIMO case a previous result holding for the SISO case, we derive a finite-gain stability sufficient condition for a clo...

Lines of arrested growth (LAGs) were assessed in the Golestan Province population of the critically - endangered museum specimens of Persian mountain salamander, Paradactylodon gorganensis (Clergue-Gazeau and Thorn, 1979) from Northeastern Iran using skeletochronology. LAGs were clearly discernable in the tibia and femur bone cross-sections and could be interpreted for age determination. The nu...

nitrate toxicosis associated with consumption of pigweed red-root (amaranthus retroflexus) wasdiagnosed in a small herd of cattle in the suburb of mashhad, northeastern iran. the clinical signs wereruminal tympany, incoordination, tachycardia, dyspnea, head pressing, aggressive movements and jugulardistension. seven animals including 3 young calves and 4 cows died of intoxication; other affecte...