Noninvasive ventilation for chest wall and neuromuscular disorders. J.M. Shneerson, A.K. Simonds. #ERS Journals Ltd 2002. ABSTRACT: Neuromuscular and chest wall disorders are individually uncommon but together form an important group of conditions that can lead to chronic ventilatory failure. This is best recognised in scoliosis, kyphosis, following a thoracoplasty, in muscular dystrophies, suc...

introduction: tuberculosis (tb), with different types of respiratory tract involvements, has a high rate of mortality all around the world. endobronchial involvement, which is a slightly common tuberculous infection, requires special attention due to its severe complications such as bronchostenosis. aim of study of this study was describes, one type of pulmonary tuberculosis with less diagnosed...

Recent papers discussed include a positive trial of early tracheostomy, two negative studies of targeted noninvasive ventilation, the long awaited results of the high versus low positive endexpiratory pressure Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Clinical Trial Network trial and a simple but illuminating study into prognostic markers and end-points of resucitation.

UNLABELLED Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a technique of mechanical ventilation which does not require invasive airway management, i.e. intubation or tracheostomy. In emergency medicine Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is used often. A new method of NIV is Impedance Threshold Device (ITD). Breathing through an ITD is utilized to raise blood pressure in hypotensive patients. AIM OF...

Noninvasive ventilation has been utilized successfully in the pre- and out-of-hospital settings for a variety of disorders, including respiratory distress syndrome in neonates, neurologic and pulmonary diseases in infants and children, and heart failure as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults. A variety of interfaces as well as mechanical positive pressure devices have been u...

BACKGROUND Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is increasingly utilized outside the ICU for patients with acute respiratory failure. However, success and failure risk factors and patient safety aspects have been poorly explored in this setting. So far, no study has evaluated the perspective of the patient, despite the known high relevance of patient participation for NIV success. METHODS We prospe...

Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) is an original approach to noninvasive ventilation that can improve patient-ventilator interaction and may infl uence physiologic outcomes 1 3 because the electrical activity of the diaphragm, a pneumatically independent signal, is used to control the timing and level of assist provided, regardless of the interface used. In a recent issue of CHEST (Ja...

The purpose of this monograph is to describe noninvasive management of respiratory muscle weakness/paralysis for patients with neuromuscular disease (NMD) and spinal cord injury (SCI). Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) assists and supports inspiratory muscles, whereas mechanically assisted coughing (MAC) simulates an effective cough. Long-term outcomes will be reviewed as well as the use of NIV, MA...