Recently, Ning & Kearfott derived a formula for the interval enclosure of the solution set of linear systems of equations with uncertain data ranging in intervals, in the case when the coeecient matrix is an H-matrix. The enclosure is optimal when the midpoint matrix is diagonal, and when the midpoint is the identity, it reduces to the optimal method for enclosing preconditioned systems found b...

Reverberation time is one of the key elements for assessing the perception of sound in an enclosed space. It affects the noise propagation, speech intelligibility, clarity index, and definition. Since sound field in the long enclosure is non diffuse, classical room acoustics theory does not apply in long enclosures. Since 1960s, a number of theoretical investigations relating to sound propagati...

Air leakage through the building enclosure can have a significant impact on heating and cooling loads. Unfortunately, the measurement of air leakage through enclosure systems and components can be very difficult in practice. Inaccurate quantification of air leakage can affect building performance and may lead to incorrectly-sized mechanical systems and unreliable results from whole building ene...

Active control of sound can be employed globally to reduce noise levels in an entire enclosure, or locally around a listener‘s head. Recently, spherical loudspeaker arrays have been studied as multiple-channel sound sources capable of generating sound fields with high complexity. In this paper, several aspects of using a spherical loudspeaker array for local active control of sound are investig...

Two confirmed cases of fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis occurred in an urban zoological collection of meerkats (Suricata suricatta). Both cases are suspected to be the result of feral cats gaining access to the enclosure. Toxoplasmosis has rarely been documented in meerkats. Subsequent to prophylactic treatment of all the animals and structural changes being implemented within the enclosure, no...

An enclosure of a composite spline surface is a pair of simpler approximations that sandwich the surface. In particular, we are interested in efficiently constructing two triangulations, so that matched triangle pairs enclose a piece of the curved surface. The width of the enclosure, i,e. the distance between inner and outer hull, can be easily measured, because it is taken on at a vertex. Encl...

Emerging X-ray free-electron lasers with femtosecond pulse duration enable single-shot snapshot imaging almost free from sample damage by outrunning major radiation damage processes. In bioimaging, it is essential to keep the sample close to its natural state. Conventional high-resolution imaging, however, suffers from severe radiation damage that hinders live cell imaging. Here we present a me...

Opaque enclosures of buildings play an essential role in the level of comfort experienced indoors and annual energy demand. The impact of solar radiation and thermal inertia of the materials that make up the multi-layer enclosures substantially modify thermal transmittance behaviour of the enclosures. This dynamic form of heat transfer, additionally affected by indoor HVAC systems, has a substa...