Recently, guiding electromagnetic (EM) waves with a mode at subwavelength scale has attracted great attention, in particular, at optical wavelengths. The related phenomenon is that of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) that are bound non-radiative surface waves propagating at metaldielectric interfaces with the fields decaying exponentially away from the interface [1]. Structures supporting such...

Orthogonality plays a fundamental role in various mathematical theorems and in physics. The orthogonal eigenfunctions that represent the intrinsic motions of various physical systems can also be regarded as transverse wave modes in a straight waveguide. Because of their orthogonality, these modes propagate independently, without mutual interference. When the wall separation fluctuates, the form...

PURPOSE To determine exposure to gradient switching fields of adults and children in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner by evaluating internal electric fields within realistic models of adult male, adult female, and child inside transverse and longitudinal gradient coils, and to compare these results with compliance guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients inside x-, y-, and z-gradi...

This research was conducted in order to evaluate fatigue behavior of asphalt mixes containing Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) steel slag. After initial evaluation of the properties of EAF steel slag using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electric Microscope (SEM), six sets of laboratory mixtures were prepared. Each set were treated replacing various portions of limestone aggregates of the mix wi...

We present new theoretical Period-Radius (PR) relations for first overtone Galactic Cepheids. Current predictions are based on several sequences of nonlinear, convective pulsation models at solar chemical composition (Y=0.28, Z=0.02) and stellar masses ranging from 3.0 to 5.5 M . The comparison between predicted and empirical radii of four short-period Galactic Cepheids suggests that QZ Nor and...

We present a novel technique to frequency lock a laser to an optical cavity. This technique, tilt locking, utilizes a misalignment of the laser with respect to the cavity to produce a non-resonant spatial mode. By observing the interference between the carrier and the spatial mode, a quantum noise limited frequency discriminator can be obtained. Tilt locking offers a number of potential benefit...

Bödeker has recently argued that non-perturbative processes in very high temperature non-Abelian plasmas (such as electroweak baryon number violation in the very hot early Universe) can be quantitatively described, to leading logarithmic accuracy, by a simple diffusive effective theory. Bödeker’s effective theory is intended to describe the long-distance transverse electric and magnetic fields ...