Broadband access networks using passive optical network (PON) technology can extend the transmission distance and increase the transmission capacity of carrier networks. One PON solution, the Ethernet passive optical network (EPON), can provide huge bandwidth capacity, low cost, simple architecture and easy maintenance. Therefore EPON becomes a promising candidate for future last-mile solutions...

In this paper the problem of serial batch scheduling in a two-stage hybrid flow shop environment with minimizing Makesapn is investigated. In serial batching it is assumed that jobs in a batch are processed serially, and their completion time is defined to be equal to the finishing time of the last job in the batch. The analysis and implementation of the prohibited transference of jobs among th...

In this paper the problem of serial batch scheduling in a two-stage hybrid flow shop environment with minimizing Makesapn is studied. In serial batching it is assumed that jobs in a batch are processed serially, and their completion time is defined to be equal to the finishing time of the last job in the batch. The analysis and implementation of the prohibited transference of jobs among the mac...

In this paper, we proposed a Power Saving Scheme (PSS) multi-hop sensor network using partition clusters. It avoids collision and idle listening time of sensor nodes for better overall network life time. The basic sensor nodes are simple and have limited power supplies, whereas the cluster head nodes are much more powerful and have many more power supplies, which organize sensors around them in...

One challenging issue of sensor networks is extension of overall network system lifetimes. In periodic data gathering applications, the typical sensor node spends more time in the idle state than active state. Consequently, it is important to decrease power consumption during idle time. In this study, we propose a scheduling scheme based on the history of RTS/CTS exchange during the setup phase...

Programs in quantum gravity often claim that time emerges from fundamentally timeless physics. In the semiclassical program, arises only after approximations are taken. Here we ask what justifies taking these and show seems to sneak when answering this question. This raises worry approach is either unjustified or circular deriving no-time.

Channel Bonding (CB) is a technique used to provide larger bandwidth to users. It has been applied to various networks such as wireless local area networks (WLANs), Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs), and Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks (CRSNs). The implementation of CB in CRSNs needs special attention as Primary Radio (PR) nodes traffic must be protected from any ...

We consider an M/M/N/K/FCFS system (N > 0, K ≥N), where the servers operate at (possibly) heterogeneous service rates. In this situation, the steady state behavior depends on the routing policy that is used to select which idle server serves the next job in queue. We define a class of idle-time-order-based policies (including, for example, Longest Idle Server First (LISF)) and show that all pol...