E-cigarette smoke delivers stimulant nicotine as aerosol without tobacco or the burning process. It contains neither carcinogenic incomplete combustion byproducts nor tobacco nitrosamines, the nicotine nitrosation products. E-cigarettes are promoted as safe and have gained significant popularity. In this study, instead of detecting nitrosamines, we directly measured DNA damage induced by nitros...

S-nitrosothiols are products of nitric oxide (NO) metabolism that have been implicated in a plethora of signalling processes. However, mechanisms of S-nitrosothiol formation in biological systems are uncertain, and no efficient protein-mediated process has been identified. Recently, we observed that ferric cytochrome c can promote S-nitrosoglutathione formation from NO and glutathione by acting...

Bacterial formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds may play a role in the etiology of human cancer. Biochemical and immunological studies in denitrifying bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) strongly support the identification of cytochrome cd(1)-nitrite reductase as the enzyme responsible for the catalysis of nitrosation through the production of nitric oxide or NO(+)-like species. Interesti...

Nitrosonium ethyl sulfate (1), which is generated in situ from ethyl nitrite and sulfur trioxide, is a convenient reagent for the one-pot transformation of olefins and dienes into substituted aldehydes and ketones. New experimental and theoretical aspects of this reaction are discussed. A DFT and ab initio computational study is undertaken to provide further insight into the mechanism of electr...

Uracil has long been known as the main product of nitrosative cytosine deamination in aqueous solution. Recent mechanistic studies of cytosinediazonium ion suggest that the cation formed by its dediazoniation can ring-open to N-protonated (Z,s-cis)-3-isocyanatoacrylonitrile 7. Stereochemical preferences are discussed of the 3-isocyanatoacrylonitriles (Z,s-cis)-10, (E,s-cis)-11, (Z,s-trans)-12, ...

Electrophilic aromatic nitrosation and nitration are among the most important electron transfer (ET) reactions. According to the electron transfer theory, an ET process can be described with two electron-localized diabatic states, and the electronic coupling between these two states, together with the organization energy and reaction energy, determine the ET efficiency. A proper definition of t...