The objectives of this study were to evaluate the potential for using blood urea N concentration to predict urinary N excretion rate, and to develop a mathematical model to estimate important variables of N utilization for several different species of farm animals and for rats. Treatment means (n = 251) from 41 research publications were used to develop mathematical relationships. There was a s...

Ectoenzymatic hydrolysis is a crucial first step in bacterial utilization of polymeric dissolved organic matter (DOM). Variation in the relative activities of different enzymes can indicate seasonal and geographic variation in the mode of bacterioplankton nutrition. We found that relative activities of leucine aminopeptidase and P-glucosidase in seawater varied significantly among three oceanic...

The study set out to examine the effects of supplementing grass silage with various levels of protein concentration and degradability on dietary nitrogen (N) excretion in lactating dairy cows consuming at least 60% forage. Six Holstein/Friesian cows in early to midlactation were offered six diets comprising two levels of crude protein (210 and 290 g/kg DM) and three levels of protein degradabil...

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and glycogen polymers are produced by bacteria as carbon storage compounds under unbalanced growth conditions. To gain insights into the transcriptional mechanisms controlling carbon storage in Sinorhizobium meliloti, we investigated the global transcriptomic response to the genetic disruption of key genes in PHB synthesis and degradation and in glycogen synthesis. Und...

Nitrogen (N) is the main nutrient for plant nutrition, however, its fertilization management still very complex. To evaluate wheat N utilization efficiency (NUtE) and yield in response to considering influence of environmental conditions, an experiment was carried out three field conditions Southern Brazil: Londrina rainfed irrigation Ponta Grossa rainfed. A complete (2 × 2 2) + 1 factorial arr...

Hemp is a multipurpose crop that cultivated worldwide for fiber, oil, and cannabinoids. Nitrogen (N) key factor getting higher production of hemp, but its application often excessive results in considerable losses the soil–plant–water continuum. Therefore, rational N supply important increasing efficiency productivity. The main objective this paper was to determine responses four hemp cultivars...

The aim of this study was to examine the response of internal conductance to CO(2) (g(i)) to soil water deficit and contrasting light conditions, and their consequences on photosynthetic physiology in two Picea asperata Mast. populations originating from wet and dry climate regions of China. Four-year-old trees were subjected to two light treatments (30% and 100% of full sunlight) and two water...

The effect on pregnant rats of individual amino acids added excessively to the diet or intermittently administered in excess directly with a stomach tube was examined. When methionine was excessively added to the diet at a 5% level, amino acid imbalance in plasma was induced and food intake decreased remarkably to approximately one-fifth of that of control rats. However, when administered direc...

The influence of initial pH on growth and nutrient (total sugars, nitrogen, and phosphorous) consumption by Enterococcus faecium CECT 410 was studied during batch cultures in whey. With these data, two realkalized fed-batch fermentations were developed using different feeding substrates. The shift from homolactic to mixed acid fermentation, the biphasic kinetics observed for cell growth and nit...

The proline utilization pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is regulated by the Put3p transcriptional activator in response to the presence of the inducer proline and the quality of the nitrogen source in the growth medium. Put3p is constitutively bound to the promoters of its target genes, PUT1 and PUT2, under all conditions studied but activates transcription to the maximum extent only in the...