Nitrate contamination is one of the major problems in groundwater, which is increasingly becoming a threat to groundwater supplies. Nitrogen in groundwater also results from human excreta, ground garbage and industrial effluents, particularly from food processing plants. In order to remove nitrate from a water source, such as ground water the biological denitrification technology can be applied...

Constructed wetlands could be components of low-tech systems to treat and reuse wastewater in arid region. A key function of the wetland would be to provide additional N removal. To improve design criteria, a sequential model of nitrogen transformations (organic N! ammonium; ammonium!nitrate; nitrate!nitrogen gas) was successfully calibrated and verified for a wetland in Kingman, Arizona. A seq...

A 20-month pilot-scale study was conducted to examine the impact of temperature on the performance of an anaerobic biological contractor used to treat perchlorate-contaminated water. The contractor was successfully acclimated with indigenous microorganisms. Influent temperatures varied from 1.4 to 30 degrees C. The objectives of the study were to investigate the effects of temperature on perchl...

This paper describes the development of a hollow-fiber-supported liquid membrane (HFSLM) for the removal of nitrate ions from water. Two different membrane modules were designed which differed in length of the fibers. In order to test the HFSLMs on nitrate flux and stability, two set-ups were used: one in which feed and strip were recirculated, and one for the continuous removal of nitrate. Fur...

Riparian buffers, the vegetated region adjacent to streams and wetlands, are thought to be effective at intercepting and reducing nitrogen loads entering water bodies. Riparian buffer width is thought to be positively related to nitrogen removal effectiveness by influencing nitrogen retention or removal. We surveyed the scientific literature containing data on riparian buffers and nitrogen conc...