A new four-terminal-pair bridge, capable of achieving a relative standard uncertainty of 1×10-9, was constructed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology by converting a two-terminal-pair bridge. The conversion requires only the addition of components which are easily removed if two-terminal-pair measurements are to be made. The design and testing of this bridge is described. The n...

In the past three decades, some new materials have entered that provide more esthetic options in restoration of posterior region. The most common indirect restoration is the single unit posterior tooth. In today’s dental practice there are many materials and options available to restore a tooth that has been compromised from caries.

Background and Aim: The proportion of smile is a useful tool for creating geometric smiles which are a critical aspect in esthetic dentistry. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of lip line position on acceptable Recurring Esthetic Dental (RED) proportion among lay people. Materials and Methods: A photograph of pose smile of a young female was taken. The position of the lip was c...

Severe dental crowding in adult patients is one of the features of disparity between the size of the teeth and the jaws. It is most frequently found in cases with a transverse hypoplasia of the maxilla and the mandible. The traditional orthodontic approach is extraction of teeth or arch expansion, both of them with major esthetic disadvantages for the patients. The surgically assisted maxillary...

Esthetics restorative dentistry has reached a new spectrum with the advancement in modern technology. Therefore, one of the reasons why patients are concerned to seek dental treatment is to improve their dental appearance. The objective of this review is to highlight the importance of visual assessment tools, patient’s psychology, selection of restorations and oral self-care instructions, while...

Here, new N,N′-dipyridoxyl(4,4''-diaminodiphenylether) Schiff-base ligand has been synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H NMR and mass spectrometry. Also, geometry optimization and theoretical assignment of IR spectrum of the ligand have been computed by employing density functional theory (DFT) method. Two pyridine rings and benzene rings in the bridge region are not in the same plane. The ca...