Tunnels account for an increasing proportion of highways. Due to the semi-closed structure tunnels, signal communication is difficult in tunnels. This review analyzes data transmission requirements intelligent network management systems, such as lighting wind protection fire and vehicle pedestrian positioning systems The selection coverage methods are also discussed. advantages disadvantages va...

Family communication is at the heart of family and its functioning. It a two-way process in which members create, share, regulate meaning. Advances dissemination information technologies (ICTs) are constantly changing way families communicate. However, little known about use different styles their impact on well-being. through verbal non-verbal interactions play central role maintaining relatio...

Computer mediated communication (CMC) systems, as with the great majority of interactive systems, rely on their users’ ability to encode and decode messages in sight and sound. They are however notoriously problematic for implicit communication and fostering a sense of intimacy between couples. We describe the design concept and construction of a device intended to exploit existing behaviour an...

abstract nowadays information plays an important role in the development process of societies so that the usage of related technologies such as ict can speed up this process by preparing cheap and effective instruments and changing working and living styles. the aim of this paper is to investigate the main determinants of information and communication technology (ict) adoption in 18 selected as...

the prevalent communications networks suffer from lack of spectrum and spectrum inefficiency. this has motivated researchers to develop cognitive radio (cr) as a smart and dynamic radio access promised solution. a major challenge to this new technology is how to make fair assignment of available spectrum to unlicensed users, particularly for smart grids communication. this paper introduces an i...

S peech technology and systems in human-machine communication have witnessed a steady and remarkable advancement over the last two decades. Fundamental changes have taken place from theoretical foundations to practical systems, from laboratory prototypes to commercial products, and from proprietary softwares to industrial standards. As the information age continues, research in speech technolog...