NB4 is an acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line that has been shown to be inducible to terminal neutrophil maturation with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). HL60 cells are differentially inducible with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to monocytes or granulocytes, respectively. HL60 cells induced with DMSO undergo defective neutrophil maturation, manifested...

A Mr 92,000 metalloprotease, originally observed in neutrophils, has been found to be secreted by various normal and malignant cells of fibroblastic, hematopoietic, and epithelial origin. The responsiveness of the various cell types to the tumor promoter phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate) to secrete this enzyme and a corresponding Mr 72,000 gelatinase has been determined using gelatin zy...

The early inflammatory response to influenza virus infection contributes to severe lung disease and continues to pose a serious threat to human health. The mechanisms by which neutrophils gain entry to the respiratory tract and their role during pathogenesis remain unclear. Here, we report that neutrophils significantly contributed to morbidity in a pathological mouse model of influenza virus i...

BACKGROUND Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is an early marker of acute kidney injury (AKI). METHODS AND RESULTS Urine NGAL and serum NGAL (sNGAL) were assessed at 2, 6, 24, and 48 hours after contrast media (CM) exposure in 458 high-risk patients (development set). Optimal thresholds in predicting contrast-induced AKI (serum creatinine [sCr] increase ≥0.3 mg/dL at 48 hours a...

Previous work has shown that endothelial cell (EC)-derived matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) regulate regression of capillary tubes in vitro in a plasmin- and MMP-1 dependent manner. Here we report that a number of serine proteases can activate MMP-1 and cause capillary tube regression; namely plasma kallikrein, trypsin, neutrophil elastase, cathepsin G, tryptase and chymase. Plasma prekallikrei...

Cancer remains one of the major cause of death in the Western world. Although, it has been demonstrated that new therapies can improve the outcome of cancer patients, still many patients relapse after treatment. Therefore, there is a need to identify novel factors involved in cancer development and/or progression. Recently, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has been suggested as...

BACKGROUND One of the challenges of treating patients with lupus nephritis (LN) is to accurately assess disease activity and predict its outcome. Since renal-biopsy cannot be performed routinely, new surrogate biomarkers are needed. METHODS We evaluated neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), to predict renal outcome in LN. Serum and urinary NGAL levels, measured by the enzyme-link...

NGAL (human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) and its mouse analogue 24p3 are members of the lipocalin family of small secreted proteins. These proteins are up-regulated in a number of pathological conditions, including cancers, and may function as transporters of essential factors. Although previous publications have suggested that 24p3 has pro-apoptotic functions, other data are mor...

Extracorporeal circulation (ECC) used during cardiac surgery causes activation of several inflammatory systems. These events are not fully understood but are responsible for complications during the immediate postoperative period. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a member of the expanding lipocalin family, has recently been described as an inflammatory protein. In this study, ...