نتایج جستجو برای: neuronal injury
تعداد نتایج: 427898 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The calcium-dependent protease calpain may contribute to neuronal death in acute neurological insults and may be activated very early in the neuronal injury cascade. We assessed the role of calpain in a model of rapid, reversible dendritic injury in murine cortical cultures. Brief sublethal NMDA exposure (10-30 microM for 10 min) resulted in focal swellings, or varicosities, along the length of...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a heterogeneous disorder with many factors contributing to a spectrum of severity, leading to cognitive dysfunction that may last for many years after injury. Injury to axons in the white matter, which are preferentially vulnerable to biomechanical forces, is prevalent in many TBIs. Unlike focal injury to a discrete brain region, axonal injury is fundamentally an...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The precise mechanism of salt-induced brain injury is unclear. We examined the detailed causative role of angiotensin II and NADPH oxidase in salt-accelerated brain injury of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). METHODS We examined the effect of salt loading on brain reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammation, and apoptosis in SHRSP. Salt-loaded SHRSP ...
The AMPA type of glutamate receptors (AMPARs)-mediated excitotoxicity is involved in the secondary neuronal death following traumatic brain injury (TBI). But the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the role of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) in GluR2-lacking AMPARs mediated neuronal death was investigated through an in vitro...
Successful recovery from neuronal damage requires a huge energy supply, which is provided by mitochondria. However, the physiological relevance of mitochondrial dynamics in damaged neurons in vivo is poorly understood. To address this issue, we established unique bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic (BAC Tg) mice, which develop and function normally, but in which neuronal injury induces l...
We examined the effect of lidocaine on ischemic neuronal injury in the rat forebrain ischemia model. Cerebral ischemia was achieved with bilateral carotid artery occlusion and controlled hypotension to a mean of 50 torr for 10 minutes. Perfusion-fixation was performed 7 days after ischemia, subsequent to which the brains were sectioned coronally and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Ischemic ...
BACKGROUND Nogo-A is a myelin-associated neurite outgrowth inhibitory protein that limits elongation of central nerve fibers, neuronal regeneration and plasticity. We investigated the effect of delivering an inhibitory peptide that neutralizes Nogo-A on neuronal recovery following mild cortical contusion injury. METHODS 41 rats were allocated into the control and NEP1-40 treatment groups. PBS...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stroke is the major cause of acquired epilepsy. The mechanisms of ischemia-induced epileptogenesis are not understood, but glutamate is associated with both ischemia-induced injury and epileptogenesis in several models. The objective of this study was to develop an in vitro model of epileptogenesis induced by glutamate injury in hippocampal neurons as observed during stro...
Trauma or disease in the CNS often leads to neuronal death and consequent loss of functional connections. The idea has been put forward that strategies aimed at repairing the injured CNS involve stimulation of both neuronal survival and axon regeneration. We tested this hypothesis in the adult rat retinocollicular system by combining two strategies: (i) exogenous administration of brain-derived...
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase is critically involved in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury resulting from combined burn and smoke inhalation injury. We hypothesized that 7-nitroindazole, a selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, blocks central molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of this double-hit insult. Twenty-five adult ewes were surgically prepared and rando...
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