We deployed a dense linear array of 45 seismometers across and along the San Andreas fault near Parkfield a week after the M 6.0 Parkfield earthquake on 28 September 2004 to record fault-zone seismic waves generated by aftershocks and explosions. Seismic stations and explosions were co-sited with our previous experiment conducted in 2002. The data from repeated shots detonated in the fall of 20...

The financial sphere covers a wide set of pivotal areas in the actual society, where credit decision-making assumes great relevance. In the retail banking industry, analysts’ judgment prevailed in credit decision-making, without alternative, for long time. In the last decades the emergence of classification methods took place in this area. In the sixties, the expansion of credit cards has lead ...

today's organizations change their pay structure and pay for performance role increased in pay package. performance pay in every organizational level has been appear. many researches show that in high performance organizations, variable pay has critical role. another variable that is very important in designing compensation strategy is pay dispersion. with using hierarchical linear modelin...

Unrelated subordinates may invest in costly help to avoid being evicted from groups (the 'pay-to-stay' hypothesis). However, the effectiveness of eviction to enforce help should depend on its being applied accurately and on the costs it imposes on both dominants and subordinates. The relative cost of being evicted is a function of the population frequency of eviction when population growth is l...

We consider optimal capital allocation and managerial compensation mechanisms for decentralized ̄rms when division managers have an incentive to misrepresent project quality and to minimize privately costly but value-enhancing e®ort. We show that in the optimal mechanism ̄rms always underinvest in capital relative to a naive application of the net present value (NPV) rule. We make a number of n...

The annual U.S. News and World Report (USNWR) Guide to America’s Best Colleges is a much anticipated magazine among both high-ability prospective students and college and university administrators. In this paper we use a decade of Colgate University Admitted Student Questionnaire surveys to estimate the influence of changes in a school’s USNWR rank on the probability of matriculation of high-ab...

The paper describes a normative approach to budget incidence, given the provision of a public good. The objective is to balance the budget by an income tax such that the budget is distribution-neutral. This property requires that every consumer’s net welfare gain, i.e. the benefit from consuming the public good and the tax burden in financing it, does not change the inequality inherent in the i...

“These companies have an obligation to the United States of American to pay their taxes.” Representative Rosa DeLauro, in response to a $10 billion contract to Accenture LLP, which is based in Bermuda in order to avoid paying U.S. corporate income taxes. These sorts of strong feelings arise, in part, because the role of corporate taxation has changed over time. Corporations are taxed on net ear...