In the late twelfth century, northern European Jewish mystics engaged in a sustained, unprecedented effort to explore the theological meaning of werewolves. This article seeks to anchor this surprising preoccupation in contemporary European religious culture, arguing that medieval Jews and Christians found werewolves "good to think with" in exploring the spiritual status of the (mutable, unstab...

Abstract This paper analyses the complex relationship between Jesuits, New Christians, converted Hindus, and Inquisition. The collaboration of Jesuits with Holy Office did not prevent voices from being raised within Society Jesus against tribunal’s practices, which were observed caution by first Jesuit leaders. For their part, conversos initially welcomed into even assumed high positions in Soc...

Deep moral disagreements exist between Christians and non-Christians. I argue that should resist the temptation to pin all such on irrationality of their disputants. To this end, develop an epistemological framework which both parties can be rational—the key being beliefs are formed from different perspectives and, hence, basis sets evidence. then alleviate concerns perspectivalism leads relati...

The discussion of this paper describes the existence Sundanese in Tatar, Christianity, and also Christianity Tatar. Of total population Tatar Sunda or West Java which amounted to 38,668,115 people, there are 1,051,670 Christians, meaning that Christians only 2.72% population. That is why through manuscript research how religious tolerance can be realized a philosophy expected life Unitary State...

Catholic social teaching, whether promulgated by Ambrose of Milan in the fourth century or Benedict XVI in the twenty-first, has always been contextual. The themes emphasized, although consistent in their fundamental doctrinal commitments, have shifted depending on the problems Christians faced. Papal encyclicals written after the fall of the Soviet Union, for example, moved away from an even-h...

This paper explores and analyzes the Gnostic themes that are present throughout Vladimir Nabokov’s novel, Invitation to a Beheading. Although other scholars have recognized the Gnostic elements in the novel, previous analyses present a limited understanding of the Gnostic religion, and, therefore, have narrow interpretations of the extent to which Nabokov includes Gnostic ideas. This paper prov...