BACKGROUND The relationship between economic development and road safety at sub-national level has not been well established. This study aims to assess the relationships between economic growth (measured by gross regional product (GRP)) and road traffic fatalities (RTFs) and crash fatality ratio (CFR) at sub-national level in Russia. METHODS We used published secondary data on annual RTFs and...

The majority of recent research has looked at the effect crisis on capital flows. Using Indonesia as a case study, this study examines efficacy monetary policy and impact global economic shocks Net Financial Account, component Balance Payments, from 1989 to 2020. Dummy variables were used assess for three periods: Asian financial in 1998, 2008, Covid-19 pandemic, which been ongoing since end 20...

A growing body of literature has investigated the wage penalty of motherhood showing that motherhood has a negative impact on women’s earnings. Explanations for this pattern focus on the impact of motherhood on work experience and job productivity, as well as employer discrimination. There is also a substantial body of research on the marriage premium for men showing that married men earn more ...

I examined biased patterns of habituation that occur when reproductive male three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, respond to a choice of two dummy females, one displaying the head-up posture of a sexually receptive female and an otherwise identical dummy lacking this sign stimulus (i.e. a dummy in a 'neutral' horizontal posture). Males initially courted both dummies about equally, b...

We are thankful to Michael Lundholm and Mahmood Arai for pointing us towards a coding error which invalidates the regressions in our paper. Correcting the code leads to a decrease in sample sizes, though much smaller than Arai et al. (2011) claim based on their “replication”. An appropriate redefinition of the variables and of the model specification allows us to reproduce the substance of the ...

Abstract The aim of this paper is to investigate the determinants movement non-performing loans in banking sector Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well impact COVID-19 pandemic on them. For purpose, secondary data from BiH were used, over which a multi-regression analysis was performed. variables loans, GDP, loan loss provision, dummy variable used analysis. results showed significant influence all t...

This paper investigate Iranian tourism demand to Malaysia using the recently developed autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) ‘Bound test’ approach to cointegration for 2000:Q1 to 2013:Q4. The demand for tourism has been explained by macroeconomic variables, including income in Iran, tourism prices in Malaysia, tourism price substitute, travel cost and trade value between Iran and Malaysia. In a...

We develop a method to obtain an optimal solution for a constrained distribution system with several items and multi-retailers. The objective is to determine the procurement frequency as well as the joint shipment interval for each retailer in order to minimize the total costs. The proposed method is applicable to both nested and non-nested policies and ends up with an optimal solution. To solv...

Using a new representation theorem for additive cost sharing methods as sums of path methods, we show that many of the standard additive cost sharing methods (Aumann-Shapley, Shapley Shubik, and Serial Cost) are consistent. These results follow directly from a simple su cient condition for consistency: being generated by associative paths, which can be used to show consistency for many other me...