Recommendations and mandatory guidelines for preventing and managing needlestick incidents and other accidental exposures to bloodborne pathogens in healthcare facilities have been published by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for more than 2 decades. Over the years, the incidence of official enforcement actions ha...

We use a simple mathematical model to estimate the probability and its time dependence that one or more HIV virions successfully infect target cells. For the transfer of a given number of virions to target cells we derive expressions for the probability P(inf), of infection. Thus, in the case of needlestick transfer we determine P(inf) and an approximate time window for post-exposure prophylaxi...

BACKGROUND Accidental needlestick injury rate among healthcare workers in Hawassa is extremely high. Epidemiological findings proved the infectious potential of this injury contaminated with a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected patient's blood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at estimating the risk of HIV transmission from patients to healthcare workers in Hawassa City, Ethiopia. METHOD...

The probability of HIV-1 transmission in a small blood exposure such as a needlestick injury or an unsafe medical injection has been estimated indirectly. Now that several comparable laboratory simulations have provided data on inoculum volumes for such exposures, the epidemiological evidence supporting these estimates can be validated and qualified using dosimetry. This review of data on infec...

INTRODUCTION Healthcare workers (HCW) are exposed to infectious agents. Disease surveillance is therefore needed in order to foster prevention. METHODS The data of the compensation board that covers HCWs of non-governmental healthcare providers in Germany was analysed for a five-year period. For hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, the period analysed was extended t...

To the Editor: The results of the study, “Impact of a Shielded Safety Syringe on Needlestick Injuries Among Healthcare Workers,” in the June 1992 issue (1992;13:349353) are encouraging. Technology that keeps the worker’s hands behind the needle at all times and covers the needle after use should significantly lower the rate of needlestick injuries. However, we noted the following inconsistencie...

Background: Needlestick injury is a dangerous work accident that causes blood contact with pa- tients and at risk of being infected borne diseases such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), C (HCV), human immunodeficiency (HIV). The purpose this study was to analyze the influence unsafe behavior factors on incidence accidents due needlestick health workers in hospitals. Subjects Method: This research con...

background: health care workers are facing certain occupational hazards because of sharp injury and exposure to human blood and body fluids as a result of handling wastes. though much attention is paid for the protection of these workers, the number of exposures and injuries do not show a sign of decline from time to time. objective: to examine the occurrence of sharp injury and exposure to blo...