The present work deals with hydrogen generation from JP8 reformation and clean-up of the reformate to produce PEMFC quality hydrogen. The fuel processor has reformer, postformer, water gas shift reactors, H2S removal, preferential CO oxidation, and CO2 removal stages. The processor also incorporates a final adsorbent fuel filter that can efficiently remove ppm level impurities that may poison t...

The reversible cycling of CaO adsorbents to CaCO(3) for high-temperature CO(2) capture is substantially improved by mechanical treatment. The mechanical milling intensity and conditions of grinding (e.g., wet vs. dry, planetary vs. vibratory milling) were determined to be the main factors that control the effectiveness of the mechanochemical synthesis to enhance the recycling stability of the s...

Selective adsorption of free glycerol from crude biodiesel was investigated by using mesoporous silica spheres coated with a thin shell of microporous silicalite-1. A polycrystalline silicalite-1 shell was formed upon first covering the external surfaces of various core templates with discrete silicalite-1 nanocrystals, and this was followed by short hydrothermal treatment to ensure shell unifo...

The separation, capture, and storage of CO2 , the major greenhouse gas, from industrial gas streams has received considerable attention in recent years because of concerns about environmental effects of increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. An emerging area of research utilizes reversible CO2 sorbents to increase conversion and rate of forward reactions for equilibrium-controlled reac...

The metalloregulatory protein MerR, which exhibits high affinity and selectivity toward mercury, was exploited for the construction of microbial biosorbents specific for mercury removal. Whole-cell sorbents were constructed with MerR genetically engineered onto the surface of Escherichia coli cells by using an ice nucleation protein anchor. The presence of surface-exposed MerR on the engineered...

A unique process for regenerating calcium-based sorbents which are in the form of calcium sulfide was demonstrated by employing thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The process converts calcium sulfide to calcium oxide by subjecting particles of the material to repeated cycles of oxidation and reduction at temperatures between 950 and 1100 °C. During each cycle a small portion of material is first...

There is significant interest in development of efficient catalyst-sorbents for the capture and conversion of sulfur-compounds such as H2S and SO2. In this work, ultra-high vacuum (UHV) techniques have been used to carefully prepare and thoroughly characterize amorphous carbon (a-C) thin films as models of activated carbon sorbents. Films with modified surface chemistries were prepared by oxida...

One of the ways to regulate the cholesterol level in the blood is by adsorption of overproduced bile acids from the gastrointestinal tract. For this purpose, synthetic anion exchangers have been in clinical use for many years. The efficiency of these sorbents is rather low, because of their low binding capacity. In this work, cationic cellulose derivatives of different structure were evaluated ...

Peritoneal dialysis can be considered a "wearable" dialysis therapy. However, patients typically require 3 or 4 daily exchanges, each taking 20-40 minutes and potentially increasing the risk of infection by repeated disconnection and reconnection. Although peritoneal dialysis cyclers allow patients to be "free" from their machine for 13-15 hours, they similarly need a supply of fresh dialysate....

Drawbacks of current carbon dioxide capture methods include corrosivity, evaporative losses and fouling. Separating the capture solvent from infrastructure and effluent gases via microencapsulation provides possible solutions to these issues. Here we report carbon capture materials that may enable low-cost and energy-efficient capture of carbon dioxide from flue gas. Polymer microcapsules compo...