A use-or-lose provision requires firms to employ a certain minimum fraction of their productive capacity. Variants have been used by regulators in the airline, natural gas transmission, and electric power industries, among others. The primary objective of these provisions is to limit capacity hoarding. We examine the welfare implications of imposing a use-or-lose provision on firms that are abl...

In this paper, an advanced analysis of a novel hybrid compression-absorption refrigeration system (HCARS) for natural gas dew point control unit in a gas refinery is presented. This unit separates the heavy hydrocarbon molecules in the natural gas, which is traditionally carried out by natural gas cooling in a compression refrigeration cycle (CRS). The power input required for the refrigeration...

supersonic separators have found extensive applications in dehumidification of natural gases since 2003. unlike previous studies, which have investigated the inlet conditions and nozzle geometry of supersonic separators for pure fluids, the present study employed a combination of momentum, heat, and mass transfer equations along with virial equation of state (eos) to inspect the effect of inlet...

the present study was conducted to investigate the impacts of retrofitted cng vehicles on airpollutant emissions in tehran over a 20 years period using available statistical data, precise automobile tests, data analysis, and leap software. the obtained results revealed an increase in air pollutant emissionsincluding co (equal to 1030.77 thousand tons), nox (equal to 1030.77 thousand tons), thc ...

the present study was conducted to investigate the impacts of retrofitted cng vehicles on airpollutant emissions in tehran over a 20 years period using available statistical data, precise automobile tests, data analysis, and leap software. the obtained results revealed an increase in air pollutant emissionsincluding co (equal to 1030.77 thousand tons), nox (equal to 1030.77 thousand tons), thc ...

this paper assesses the design guidelines of different classification codes for the liquefied natural gas carriers considering the effect of liquid sloshing. with regard the increasing importance of lng carriers in today’s marine transportation, and also considering that the marine accidents involve significant loss, classification societies by regulating national and international standards ai...

Considering the disadvantages of gasoline and natural gas as mono-fuel in SI engines has made the researchers to improve the performance and reduce the pollutant as the advantages of the application of dual fuel engines. On the other hand, lean-burn in engine may lead to the reduced pollutant. In the present study various mixtures of gasoline and natural gas with the gasoline as the dominant fu...

nowadays, increased attention has been focused on internal combustion engine fuels. regarding environmental effects of internal combustion engines particularly as sources of pollution and depletion of fossil fuels, compressed natural gas has been introduced as an alternative to gasoline and diesel fuels in many applications. a high research octane number which allows combustion at higher compre...

An Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is proposed for optimal tree-structured natural gas distribution network. Design of pipelines, facilities, and equipment systems are necessary tasks to configure an optimal natural gas network. A mixed integer programming model is formulated to minimize the total cost in the network. The aim is to optimize pipe diameter sizes so that the location-alloc...