This study concentrates mainly on the 12-year time trends of annual average ion concentrations in bulk precipitation from 10 Estonian monitoring stations. Trends revealed by the nonparametric Mann-Kendall test mostly show a statistically significant decline and, according to the order of ion decline per year, three groups of stations could be differentiated: stations directly affected by an ind...

Sulfur oxides (SOx), particularly SO2 emitted by coal-fired power plants, produce long-term risks for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We estimated the relative risks of CVD and ischemic heart disease (IHD) attributable to SOx emission globally. National SOx reduction achieved by emissions control systems was defined as the average SOx reduction percentage weighted by generating capacities of indi...

INTRODUCTION  The otoacoustic emissions test is an essential tool in the evaluation of auditory function, since it allows the early detection of cochlear damage of occupational origin. OBJECTIVE  To present a review of the literature and analyze the effectiveness of the clinical application of the otoacoustic emissions test in workers exposed to noise. METHODS  A bibliographical search cove...

This study takes a combined qualitative and quantitative approach to examining the chronic hazard posed by persistent degassing at Masaya volcano, Nicaragua. The gas is a highly salient threat in communities surrounding Masaya volcano, with the elevated salience level of his invisible hazard deriving from the highly perceptible impacts of the degassing; these include individual and material imp...

Freedom of religion and conscience is regarded among one of the human rights in international documents signed or declared after the World War II. In this paper I investigate from a legal perspective whether the freedom of religion and conscience and religious minority rights that Alevis enjoy in Turkey are in line with the standards in relevant international documents. Therefore I firstly exam...

Air quality policy to decrease fine particulate matter mass concentrations (PM2.5) in the US has mainly targeted sulfate aerosol through controls on sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions. Organic aerosol (OA) instead of sulfate is now the dominant component of total PM2.5. Long-term surface observations (1991–2013) in the Southeast US in summer show parallel decreases in sulfate (2.8%–4.0% a ) and OA ...

arguments between scientists advocating for vitamins versus those who emphasised minerals went ‘beyond alleviating the effects of malnutrition’ and entered into discussions about national mortality, disability and state responsibility in setting standards for national and international food and nutrition policies. A key goal of professionalising nutrition science was the effort to establish nat...

This study evaluates the effect of emission reductions at two coal-fired power plants in northwestern Colorado on a nearby wilderness area. Control equipment was installed at both plants during 1999-2004 to reduce SO2 and NOx emissions. One challenge was separating the effects of local from regional emissions, which also declined during the study period. The long-term datasets examined confirm ...