Unusual single-pulse behaviour has been identified in two pulsars, B0919+06 and B1859+07. Both stars normally emit bright subpulses in a region near the trailing edge of their profile. However, they occasionally undergo ‘events’, whereby the emission longitude gradually decreases by about their profile width, remains in this position for typically several tens of pulses, and then gradually retu...

A novel method for obtaining position resolved information simultaneously from an entire plane of a polycrystalline or amorphous sample using the diffracted radiation or fluorescence has been developed. It makes use of a microchannelplate as a collimator in front of a position sensitive detector (CCDcamera). Experiments may be performed either in transmission or in reflection geometry. In the f...

Adult rats that sustained unilateral motor cortical lesions at birth demonstrated deficits in traversing an elevated narrow beam. These deficits, manifested by hindlimb slips off the edge of the beam, were not spared in animals that received fetal cortical transplants into the lesion cavity immediately after lesion placement.

Photonic crystal surface emitting lasers (PCSELs) [1] offer the ultimate in control in semiconductor lasers. PCSELs have been shown to have high power scaling with area, high single-mode powers [2], large scale coherent emission, control of the beam shape and polarization with design of the photonic crystal geometry [3,4], as well as beam steering [5]. The photonic crystal, a two-dimensional va...

Exercise has been considered to affect the functional recovery from central nervous damage. Neurotrophic factors have various effects on brain damage. However, the effects of exercise for expression of GDNF on functional recovery with brain damage are not well known. We investigated the difference in functional recovery between non-exercise and beam-walking exercise groups, and the expression o...

In the quest to miniaturise photonics, it is of paramount importance to control light at the nanoscale. We reveal the main physical mechanism responsible for operation of gap plasmon-based gradient metasurfaces, comprising a periodic arrangement of metal nanobricks, and suggest that two degrees of freedom in the nanobrick geometry allow one to independently control the reflection phases of orth...

Helical tomotherapy is a dedicated intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) system with on-board imaging capability (MVCT) and therefore differs from conventional treatment units. Different design goals resulted in some distinctive radiation field characteristics. The most significant differences in the design are the lack of flattening filter, increased shielding of the collimators, treatm...

The design of a radiotherapy treatment includes the selection of beam angles (geometry problem), the computation of a fluence pattern for each selected beam angle (intensity problem), and finding a sequence of configurations of a multilef collimator to deliver the treatment (realization problem). While many mathematical optimization models and algorithms have been proposed for the intensity pro...

The Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor was a 5 mega-watt, light-water cooled and heavygraphite moderated research facility. It has two shutter-equipped treatment rooms, three horizontally extended thimble tubes, and an ex-core broad beam facility. The three experimental thimbles, or activation ports, external to the reactor tank were designed for several uses, including the investigations on d...

In systems that achieve laser beam propagation through atmospheric turbulence by phase compensation with adaptive optics, the performance depends on the beacon’s spatial distribution. A formulation is obtained to calculate the anisoplanatic Strehl ratio of a phase compensated, focused beam for any beacon distribution and turbulence profile. Analytic results are obtained for several beacon geome...