BACKGROUND Development of Haemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) as blood substitutes has reached an impasse due to clinically adverse outcomes attributed to vasoconstriction secondary to nitric oxide (NO) scavenging. Studies suggest haemoglobin exhibits nitrite reductase activity that generates NO and N(2)O(3); harnessing this property may offset NO scavenging. Therefore, the effects of con...

the 440 fertile eggs, in a completely randomized design were divided into 11 treatments with four replicatesand 10 eggs per each replicate. treatments including: (t1; control; without injection), (t2; injected with 0.3ml saline 9.0%; sham control), (t3, t4 and t5) 25, 75, 125 ppm fe-nano, (t6, t7 and t8) 50, 100, 150 ppmfe-nano-alimet chelate, (t9, t10 and t11) 50, 100, 150 ppm fe-aliment chela...

using titanium dioxide nano-silver packaging, which is antibacterial and resistance to the diffusion of gases such as oxygen, is increasing in food industry. therefore, we compared the effect of titanium dioxide-based nano-silver packaging and conventional polyethylene packaging on the fungal flora of consuming bread in order to increase the shelf-life storage of consuming bread. one hundred fo...

nano-sized drugs have better distribution than their identical forms. magnesium is the cofactor of various enzymes in lipid and glucose metabolism. in this study the effect of nano-magnesium oxide (nano-mgo) on glucose concentration and lipid profile in diabetes induced mice was evaluated in 21 laboratory mice. mice were divided randomly into three equal groups (control, treatment and placebo)....

Scutellariabaicalensis (SB) is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating infectious and inflammatory diseases. Our recent study shows potent antibacterial effects of nanoparticle-encapsulated chlorhexidine (Nano-CHX). Herein, we explored the synergistic effects of the nanoparticle-encapsulated SB (Nano-SB) and Nano-CHX on oral bacterial biofilms. Loading efficiency of Nano-SB was determined b...

Summary The potential environmental and health impacts of nano-technologies triggered a recent surge of life cycle assessment (LCA) studies on nano-technologies. Focusing on the energy use and greenhouse gas emissions impacts, we reviewed 22 LCA-based studies on nano-materials, coatings, photovoltaic devices, and fabrication technologies that were published until 2011. The rev...

As knowledge of the structure and function of nucleic acid molecules has increased, sequence-specific DNA detection has gained increased importance. DNA biosensors based on nucleic acid hybridization have been actively developed because of their specificity, speed, portability, and low cost. Recently, there has been considerable interest in using nano-materials for DNA biosensors. Because of th...

Nanoparticles (NPs) with unique physicochemical properties induce nano-specific (excess) toxicity in organisms compared with their bulk counterparts. Evaluation and consideration of nano-specific toxicity are meaningful for the safe design and environmental risk assessment of NPs. However, ZnO NPs have been reported to lack excess toxicity for diverse organisms. In the present study, the nano-s...

OBJECTIVE Based on the use of Nano™ coils, we retrospectively compared the proportion of the coils (≤ 1.5 mm) and packing density in two patient groups with small cerebral aneurysms (< 4 mm diameter) who were treated with or without Nano™ coils. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between January 2012 and November 2013, in 548 cerebral aneurysms treated by endovascular coiling, 143 patients with 148 small ...

Recently, nano-composite solders have been developed in the electronic packaging materials industry to improve the creep and thermo-mechanical fatigue resistance of solder joints to be used in service at high temperatures and under thermo-mechanical fatigue conditions. This paper reviews the driving force for the development of nano-composite solders in the electronic packaging industry and the...