A long-standing controversy is whether LBOs relieve managers from shortterm pressures from public shareholders, or whether LBO funds themselves sacrifice long-term growth to boost short-term performance. We examine one form of long-term activities, namely investments in innovation as measured by patenting activity. Analyzing 472 LBO transactions, we find no evidence of any decrease in these act...

Adopting Marx's "Historical Materialism Theory", I will discuss the interaction between the Market Economic System and the Ideology of Mainland China, treating the former as the bottom structure and the latter as the upper structure. I used the concept of "a double head structure of ideology" by Seliger and split Mainland China's official ideology into a "core" concept and a "perimeter" concept...

In this paper, we conduct an examination on the causality and relationship between information and communication technology (ICT) and economic growth in an Islamic country, namely Malaysia. The study period in this paper is divided into two: from 1960 1982, and from 1983 2004. This is to examine if the contribution of ICT investment varies in different sample periods. The causality result showe...

We investigate the relation between mobile phone usage and regional economic development in Côte d’Ivoire. Most previous studies on mobile phone communication focused on developed countries. Their results may be difficult to extend to developing countries. Here we study mobile communication in a developing nation, namely Côte d’Ivoire. Our main motivations are, first, that the effects of inform...

Abstract Background Nowadays combination therapy has become more popular due to their additional effect, synergistic effect and antagonistic effect. Any of these can influence the treatment profile. Combination is used treat some chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, cancer etc. But recently India banned fixed dose drug combinations increased chances adverse effects interactions. So it ...

studies investigating fertility decline in developing countries often adopt measures of determinants of fertility behavior developed based on observations from developed countries, without adapting them to the realities of the study setting. as a result, their findings are usually invalid, anomalous or statistically non-significant. this commentary draws on the research article by moeeni and co...

banberz, banbor, and sabziabad neighborhoods are three residential districts on the peripheryof ilam city, and are facing a lot of problems namely social, economic, and physical, particularly in housing sectorincluding low quality, poor housing, limited-quantity housing. in order to assess the sustainability of housing, 75indicators and to rank districts, spss software (exploratory factor analy...