In this paper, we report on the preparation of novel cross-reactive optical microsensors for high-speed detection of low-level explosives and explosives-like vapors. Porous silica microspheres with an incorporated environmentally sensitive fluorescent dye are employed in high-density sensor arrays to monitor fluorescence changes during nitroaromatic compound (NAC) vapor exposure. The porous sil...

Rice is a crucial global food crop, but it lacks natural tolerance to high salt levels, resulting in significant yield reductions. To gain comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying rice’s tolerance, further research required. In this study, transcriptomic and metabolomic differences between salt-tolerant rice variety Lianjian5 (TLJIAN) salt-sensitive Huajing5 (HJING) we...

Neural stem cells (NSCs) as a heterogeneous multipotent and self- renewal population are found in different areas in the developing mammalian nervous system, as well as the sub-ventricular zone (SVZ) and the hippocampus of the adult brain. NSCs can give rise to neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The aim of this study was to differentiate neural stem cells into noradrenergic–like cells in...

Background: Ascorbic acid (AA) as a vitamin and neuromodulator is present in the most part of CNS such as nucleus accumbens shell (Acbsh), so the main purpose of this investigation was to evaluated the effect of AA and their Co-administration in Acbsh on anxiety and motor activity of rat by Open Field Test(OFT). Methods: Forty nine adult male Wistar rats (220-270 g) were used into 7 grou...

This thesis introduces negative application conditions (NACs) for varied kinds of reconfigurable Petri systems. These are Petri systems together with a set of transformation rules that allow changing the Petri system dynamically. Negative applications are a control structure for restricting the application of a rule if a certain structute is present. As introduced in [Lam07] and [LEOP08], (weak...

Candida krusei is osmotolerant yeast used for the production of glycerol. Addition of osmolyte such as NaCl into culture medium can increase the production of glycerol from glucose, but osmolytes may burden the glycerol separation. A coencapsulation method was suggested to create local extracellular hyperosmotic stress for glycerol accumulation. Firstly, the influence of osmotic stress induced ...

The charged surfaces of micaceous minerals, especially illite, regulate the mobility of the major radioisotopes of Cs (134Cs, 135Cs, 137Cs) in the geosphere. Despite the long history of Cs adsorption studies, the nature of the illite surface sites remains incompletely understood. To address this problem, we present atomistic simulations of Cs competition with Na for three candidate illite adsor...

Cellulose, which can be converted into numerous industrial products, has important impacts on the global economy. It has long been known that cellulose synthesis in plants is tightly regulated by various phytohormones. However, the underlying mechanism of cellulose synthesis regulation remains elusive. Here, we show that in rice (Oryza sativa), gibberellin (GA) signals promote cellulose synthes...

OBJECTIVES Marijuana was involved in 209,563 emergency department (ED) visits in 2006, according to the Drug Abuse Warning Network. Although screening and brief intervention (SBI) has been effective in changing drinking among ED patients in a number of studies, tests of marijuana SBI in a pediatric emergency department (PED) have not yet been reported. The aim of this pilot study was to test wh...

Flavor-associated volatile chemicals make major contributions to consumers' perception of fruits. Although great progress has been made in establishing the metabolic pathways associated with synthesis, much less is known about regulation those pathways. Knowledge how are regulated would greatly facilitate efforts improve flavor. Volatile esters contributors fruity flavor notes many species, pro...