BACKGROUND Studies on the effects of anaesthesia on event-related potentials and long latency auditory-evoked potentials (AEP) are sparse. Both provide information on cortical processing and may have potential as monitors of awareness. We studied the effect of propofol on the event-related potential mismatch negativity (MMN) and the long-latency AEP NI. METHODS Twenty-one patients received 1 ...

The mismatch negativity (MMN) is an event-related potential that involves a negative voltage shift of baseline electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in the approximate latency window of the N1 and P2 cortical potentials in response to new or novel sounds. The MMN is present at birth and has been hypothesized to serve as an automatic preconscious detector of changes in the auditory environment....

22 The aim of the present research was to investigate the influences of cognition on temporal 23 processing of olfactory information in a health-relevant context. We investigated whether 24 expecting an odor to cause adverse health effects alters perception of that odor. An irritation25 free odor (Study 1: H2S; Study 2: PEA) was presented after which participants expected to 26 experience eithe...

Neuropsychological tests target specific cognitive functions; however, numerous cognitive subcomponents are involved in each test. The aim of this study was to decompose the components of two frontal executive function tests, Go/NoGo (GNG) and cued continuous performance task (CPT), by analyzing event-related potentials (ERPs) of 24 subjects both in time and time-frequency domains. In the time ...

Attention selects objects/groups as the most fundamental units, and this may be achieved by an attention-spreading mechanism. Previous event-related potential (ERP) studies have found that attention-spreading is reflected by a decrease in the N1 spatial attention effect. The present study tested whether the electrophysiological attention effect is associated with the perception of object unity ...

PURPOSE To evaluate multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) changes in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) and investigate any possible correlation with optical coherence tomography (OCT) features and visual acuity (VA). METHODS Twenty-nine right eyes of 29 subjects with DME due to non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 30 eyes of 30 normal subjects were evaluated. All patients underwent ...

k field, algebraically closed G finite group Definitions (1) A representation of G over k of degree n is a homomorphism of groups ρ : G→GLn(k), or equivalently, a kG-module structure for an n-dimensional k vector space M , where kG is the group algebra. (2) A representation M is irreducible if it is a simple kG-module, and indecomposable if M 6= N1 ⊕ N2 for any non-trivial submodules N1, N2. No...

Abstract Objectıve The objective of this study is to obtain normative data the masseter vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (mVEMP) test in healthy individuals without hearing loss and dizziness compare responses with cVEMP test. Methods Twenty (10 males 10 females) aged 20–30 years auditory vestibular disorders participated study. First, mVEMP then tests were applied who voluntarily Results L...

introduction: gastroesophageal reflux (ger) is the most common of esophageal disorder in all ages.  ger defined as passage of gastric contents into the esophagus, and ger disease (gerd), (symptoms or complications of ger), are common pediatric problems. clinical manifestations of gerd in infants include regurgitation, irritability, choking, gagging vomiting, poor weight gain and respiratory dis...

When engaged in a repetitive task our performance fluctuates from trial-to-trial. In particular, inter-trial reaction time variability has been the subject of considerable research. It has been claimed to be a strong biomarker of attention deficits, increases with frontal dysfunction, and predicts age-related cognitive decline. Thus, rather than being just a consequence of noise in the system, ...