Chang, Hangil, and Toshiro Fujita. A numerical model of the renal distal tubule. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Renal Physiol. 45): F931–F951, 1999.—A numerical model of the rat distal tubule was developed to simulate water and solute transport in this nephron segment. This model incorporates the following: 1) Na-Cl cotransporter, K-Cl cotransporter, Na channel, K channel, and Cl channel in the luminal m...

There is considerable inter-individual variability in self-selected intensity or running speed. Metabolic cost per distance has been recognized as a determinant of this personal choice. As biomechanical parameters have been connected to metabolic cost, and as different running patterns exist, we can question their possible determinant roles in self-selected speed. We examined the selfselected s...

Shen, Hong, David E. Smith, Tianxin Yang, Yuning G. Huang, Jürgen B. Schnermann, and Frank C. Brosius III. Localization of PEPT1 and PEPT2 proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter mRNA and protein in rat kidney. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Renal Physiol. 45): F658–F665, 1999.—To determine the renal localization of oligopeptide transporters, Northern blot analyses were performed and polyclonal antisera ...

Rowland, Neil E., and Kenneth R. Morian. Roles of aldosterone and angiotensin in maturation of sodium appetite in furosemide-treated rats. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 45): R1453–R1460, 1999.— When rats are treated with furosemide, there is a rapid natriuresis. However, increased sodium appetite does not occur until some time later. One hypothesis to explain this d...

Brännström, Kristina, and William J. Arendshorst. Thromboxane A2 contributes to the enhanced tubuloglomerular feedback activity in young SHR. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Renal Physiol. 45): F758–F766, 1999.—We performed micropuncture studies to determine the role of thromboxane A2 in the exaggerated tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) activity in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Glomerular fun...

Khan, Janine Y., Rosario A. Rajakumar, Robert A. McKnight, Uday P. Devaskar, and Sherin U. Devaskar. Developmental regulation of genes mediating murine brain glucose uptake. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 45): R892–R900, 1999.—We examined the molecular mechanisms that mediate the developmental increase in murine whole brain 2-deoxyglucose uptake. Northern and Western...

Kirouac, Gilbert J., and Quentin J. Pittman. Identification of barosensitive neurons in the mediobasal forebrain using juxtacellular labeling. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 45): R1766–R1771, 1999.— Previous investigations suggest a possible role in cardiovascular regulation for neurons of the mediobasal forebrain. The present study was designed to determine the loca...

Liu, Gele, Leonard Kleine, Rania Nasrallah, and Richard L. Hébert. Bradykinin inhibits ceramide production and activates phospholipase D in rabbit cortical collecting duct cells. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Renal Physiol. 45): F589–F598, 1999.—Recent reports suggest that inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and vasoconstrictor peptides induce sphingomyelinase (SMase) activity. This results in the h...

Kadambi, Vivek J., Nancy Ball, Evangelia G. Kranias, Richard A. Walsh, and Brian D. Hoit. Modulation of force-frequency relation by phospholamban in genetically engineered mice. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 45): H2245–H2250, 1999.—Phospholamban levels regulate cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca21 pump activity and myocardial contractility. To determine whether and to what extent pho...

Kim, Eun-Mee, Martha K. Grace, Catherine C. Welch, Charles J. Billington, and Allen S. Levine. STZ-induced diabetes decreases and insulin normalizes POMC mRNA in arcuate nucleus and pituitary in rats. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 45): R1320–R1326, 1999.—Effects of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and insulin on opioid peptide gene expression were examined in r...