MARIA CASADEVALL,1 ESTEBAN SAPERAS,2 JULIÁN PANÉS,1 AZUCENA SALAS,1 DONALD C. ANDERSON,3 JUAN R. MALAGELADA,2 AND JOSEP M. PIQUÉ1 1Gastroenterology Department, Institut Clı́nic de Malalties Digestives, Hospital Clı́nic, University of Barcelona, and 2Digestive System Research Unit, Hospital Vall d’Hebrón, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; and 3Discovery Research, Pharmacia-Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, Mi...

Wang, David Q.-H., Frank Lammert, David E. Cohen, Beverly Paigen, and Martin C. Carey. Cholic acid aids absorption, biliary secretion, and phase transitions of cholesterol in murine cholelithogenesis. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G751–G760, 1999.—Cholic acid is a critical component of the lithogenic diet in mice. To determine its pathogenetic roles, we fed chow or 1% c...

The present study was performed to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory potential of sarpogrelate and its active metabolite, M-1, on the activities of nine human cytochrome (CYP) isoforms. Using a cocktail assay, the effects of sarpogrelate on nine CYP isoforms and M-1 were measured by specific marker reactions in human liver microsomes. Sarpogrelate potently and selectively inhibited CYP2D6mediate...

Short, Kevin R., Shon E. Meek, Niels Moller, Karin Ekberg, and K. Sreekumaran Nair. Whole body protein kinetics using Phe and Tyr tracers: an evaluation of the accuracy of approximated flux values. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Endocrinol. Metab. 39): E1194–E1200, 1999.—Phenylalanine (Phe) kinetics are increasingly used in studies of amino acid kinetics, because the metabolic fate of Phe is limited to i...

Galassetti, Pietro, Robert H. Coker, Drury B. Lacy, Alan D. Cherrington, and David H. Wasserman. Prior exercise increases net hepatic glucose uptake during a glucose load. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Endocrinol. Metab. 39): E1022–E1029, 1999.—The aim of these studies was to determine whether prior exercise enhances net hepatic glucose uptake (NHGU) during a glucose load. Sampling catheters (carotid ar...

Li, Jianrong, and Timothy R. Billiar. Nitric Oxide. IV. Determinants of nitric oxide protection and toxicity in liver. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G1069– G1073, 1999.—Whereas nitric oxide (NO) produced by constitutive endothelial NO synthase is protective to the liver, NO produced by the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) can be either toxic or protective depending on the c...

The litter size of homozygous Booroola Merino ewes results in high perinatal mortality. One subcutaneous implant of crystaline oestradiol in silastic tubing in heterozygous Booroola Merino ewes decreased ovulation rate from 3.18 -r0.15 (n = 39) to 2.03 & 0.14 (n = 35), and decreased litter size (5 8 weeks pregnant) from 2.49 + 0.13 (n = 39) to 1.47 + 0.12 (n = 32), providing a useful management...

Kurjak, M., R. Fritsch, D. Saur, V. Schusdziarra, and H. D. Allescher. NO releases bombesin-like immunoreactivity from enteric synaptosomes by cross-activation of protein kinase A. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G1521–G1530, 1999.—The effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the release of bombesin-like immunoreactivity (BLI) was examined in synaptosomes of rat small intestine. Th...

Despite aggressive treatment with radiation and chemotherapy, recurrence of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is inevitable. The objective of this study was to show that the blood-brain barrier (BBB), through a combination of tight junctions and active efflux transporters in the brain microvasculature, can significantly restrict delivery of molecularly targeted agents to invasive glioma cells. Tran...