The preservation of a homomorphic sex-determining chromosome in some organisms without transformation into a heteromorphic sex chromosome is a long-standing enigma in evolutionary biology. A dominant sex-determining locus (or M-locus) in an undifferentiated homomorphic chromosome confers the male phenotype in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti. Genetic evidence suggests that the M-locus is...

myo-Inositol analysis of detergent-solubilized immunoaffinity-purified rat liver 5'-nucleotidase showed the presence of 1 mol of myo-inositol/mol of enzyme monomer. This provides unequivocal evidence that the ectoenzyme 5'-nucleotidase is attached to liver membranes by a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol lipid anchor.

AIM To assess dietary myo-inositol in reducing stem cell activation in colitis, and validate pβ-cateninS552 as a biomarker of recurrent dysplasia. METHODS We examined the effects of dietary myo-inositol treatment on inflammation, pβ-cateninS552 and pAkt levels by histology and western blot in IL-10-/- and dextran sodium sulfate-treated colitic mice. Additionally, we assessed nuclear pβ-cateni...

Background – We have previously demonstrated opposite e¡ ects of exercise training in stable and progressive pulmonary hypertension (PH). Here we investigated cellular changes which may underlie the opposite e¡ ects of exercise training by focusing on right ventricular myolament protein phosphorylation and function. Methods and results – Histological analyses revealed exercise training in progr...

BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine cause of hirsutism, acne and pattern alopecia, often characterised by ovulation disorders (usually manifested as oligo- or amenorrhea). In addition, 30-40% of women with PCOS have impaired glucose tolerance, and a defect in the insulin signalling pathway seems to be implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. For...

Sorbitol (aldose reductase) pathway flux in diabetes perturbs intracellular metabolism by two putative mechanisms: reciprocal osmoregulatory depletion of other organic osmolytes e.g., myo-inositol, and alterations in NADPH/NADP+ and/or NADH/NAD+. The "osmolyte" and "redox" hypotheses predict secondary elevations in CDP-diglyceride, the rate-limiting precursor for phosphatidylinositol synthesis,...

BACKGROUND Although numerous lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) have been developed and widely used, inadequate analytical sensitivity and the lack of multiple protein detection applications have limited their clinical utility. We developed a new LFIA device for the simultaneous detection of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) and myoglobin (Myo). METHODS We used a gold nanoparticle ...

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method that accurately measures glycerol and myo-inositol from plasma and tissue is described. The method incorporates a pre-column derivatization reaction using aqueous extracts with benzoyl chloride as a modifying agent. The benzoylated derivatives are isolated by HPLC using reversed-phase gradient chromatography and quantified via absorbance detectio...

Broadening clinical evidence has markedly designated inositol(s) as a common and effective therapeutic approach for PCOS and infertility. Although considerable research has been focused on the use in clinical practice of myo-inositol (myo-ins) and D-chiro-inositol (D-chiro-ins), the two major inositol stereoisomers, less attention has been paid to their bioavailability. Therefore, the aim of th...

Renal afferent arterioles (AFF) regulate glomerular capillary pressure through two main mechanisms: the myogenic response (MYO) and tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF). Because Rho-kinase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) are established factors that modulate vascular tone, we examined the role of these factors in pressure-induced AFF tone in Wistar-Kyoto rats and in spontaneously hypertensive rats (...