Capillary instability of a two-layer liquid film lining rigid tube is studied computationally as model for plug formation and closure human airways. The consists serous layer, also called the periciliary at inner side mucus layer outer side. Together, they form airway surface wall surrounding an air core. Liquid occurs due to Plateau–Rayleigh when thickness exceeds critical value. Numerical sim...

The mechanism by which Helicobacter pylori undermines host defence mechanisms is unclear. Several in vitro studies using soluble mucins have suggested that H pylori may compromise mucus function. Gastric mucus gel was obtained from 13 H pylori infected patients; six untreated subjects and seven after eradication of the infection. Gastric mucus is a non-Newtonian substance in that its viscosity ...

Flavobacterium columnare, an economically important Gram-negative bacterium of freshwater farmed fish, colonizes the skin and gills in the initial steps of pathogenesis. The surface of fish is coated with mucus made up of high molecular weight glycoproteins. Limited studies have described the ability of bacterial pathogens to grow in fish mucus. Our objective was to determine if F. columnare is...

The normal intestinal microbiota inhabits the colon mucus without triggering an inflammatory response. The reason for this and how the intestinal mucus of the colon is organized have begun to be unraveled. The mucus is organized in two layers: an inner, stratified mucus layer that is firmly adherent to the epithelial cells and approximately 50 μm thick; and an outer, nonattached layer that is u...

Mucus accumulation is a feature of inflammatory airway disease in the horse and has been associated with reduced performance in racehorses. In this study, we have analysed the two major airways gel-forming mucins Muc5b and Muc5ac in respect of their site of synthesis, their biochemical properties, and their amounts in mucus from healthy horses and from horses with signs of airway mucus accumula...

Human cervical mucus is a heterogeneous mixture of mucin glycoproteins whose relative concentration changes during the ovulatory phases, thereby producing different mucus aggregation structures that can periodically permit the transit of spermatozoa for fertilization. In preovulatory phase, mucus is arranged in compact fiber-like structures where sperm transit is hindered. Previously, through o...

The mucus that coats the gastrointestinal tract of all mammals is a dynamic and sticky gel layer and represents the first protective barrier between the host and the hostile environment. There is, however, a lack of detailed knowledge about the mucus gel organization because of the high water content and the complexity of MUC2, the main gel-forming molecule in the intestine. Histological staini...

Hypersecretion of mucus is a cardinal sign of airways inflammation. Normally, secretion of mucus is designed to protect the respiratory portion of the lung from injury, but in disease its chronic overproduction in large airways (bronchi) and its appearance in small conducting airways (bronchioles) may be detrimental. Its relevance to patient discomfort and infection is generally accepted, but i...

The chemical composition and function of gastrointestinal mucus Despite the long period in which gastroenterologists have been interested in mucus, few exact data and little precise information on this substance have been, until recently, available, due mainly to the lack of reliable procedures to isolate the components of mucus in a tolerably pure state, to determine their composition, and to ...

Citrobacter rodentium is an attaching and effacing pathogen used as a murine model for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. The mucus layers are a complex matrix of molecules, and mucus swelling, hydration and permeability are affected by many factors, including ion composition. Here, we used the C. rodentium model to investigate mucus dynamics during infection. By measuring the mucus layer thick...