[Purpose] We investigated the effect of rhythmic ankle movement on the contralateral soleus H-reflex. The H-reflex was evoked from the right soleus muscle. [Subjects and Methods] Healthy humans rhythmically moved the left ankle (movement condition) or held the left ankle stationary (stationary condition) at one of three positions corresponding to the ankle positions at which the H-reflex was ev...

BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) disrupts temporal processing, but the neuronal sources of deficits and their response to dopamine (DA) therapy are not understood. Though the striatum and DA transmission are thought to be essential for timekeeping, potential working memory (WM) and executive problems could also disrupt timing. METHODOLOGY/FINDINGS The present study addressed these issues b...

The dark-field microscope may be used to observe directly the characteristics of composite films. The liquid phases, one or both of them containing suspended solid particles as test objects (in these experiments bacteria were used), are spread between slide and cover-glass and examined with any desired lenses. The liquid-liquid interfaces appear as bright lines and the solid particles as shinin...

Objective: A number of studies on gait disturbances have been conducted, however, no clear pattern of gait disorders was described. The aim of the study was to characterize the gait pattern in HD patients by conducting analysis of mean angular movement changes the lower limb joints and trunk (kinematics parameters). Methods: The study group consisted of 30 patients with HD (17 women and 13 men)...

Real-time examination of Dil-labeled, immature granule cells in cerebellar slice preparations reveals several temporal and cytological aspects of neuronal migration that have not been observed in previous in vivo or in vitro systems. Using confocal microscopy we have obtained evidence that rates of cell movement depend critically on the age of the cerebellum. Although there were considerable va...

Endothelins (ET)-1, ET-2, and ET-3 are one group of cytokines likely to be released during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Therefore, the expression of ET levels was investigated to determine the importance and involvement of isopeptides during the several phases of OTM. Thirty-two male Wistar rats (12-13 weeks old) were divided into four groups of eight: control, 14, 28, and 42 day groups. T...

The patterns of movement and muscle activation in wheelchair ambulation have been studied in two groups: subjects with paraplegia (n = 4) and tetraplegia (n = 3). All subjects were physically active and experienced wheelchair users. The tests were done in the subjects' own wheelchairs and under free-wheeling conditions. The tasks studied were: self-chosen normal velocity, maximal velocity and m...

Beverage emulsions are systems that are composed of two liquids including oil and water which are prepared by homogenizing oil phase in an acidic aqueous phase. They must be stable in both concentrated and diluted form for a period of 6-12 months upon standing at room temperature. Two immiscible phases contained systems are thermodynamically unsta-ble. In other words, they are vulnerable to bre...