Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, described in 1964 by Lesch and Nyhan, is a X-linked recessive disorder, occurring in 1 : 100000 to 1 : 380000 live births. LNS is characterized by a decrease in activity of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase, an enzyme involved in purine metabolism, resulting in overproduction of uric acid. Hyperuricemia and neurological features including choreoathetoid spast...

Young athletes with ever-changing transitional dentitions and those wearing fixed orthodontic appliances can benefit from custom-formed protective mouthguards. Modifications of the traditional vacuum-forming method are useful to fabricate mouthguards for such patients and extend the useful life of these devices. The purpose of this case report is to document fabrication of custom-formed protect...

Traumatic dental and facial injuries are frequent in sports and often cause esthetic, functional, psychological, and economic problems. The term "weekend warrior" is used to describe people who participate in physically demanding activities only on the weekend, or part-time. In this prospective cohort study, we examined the prevalence of dental trauma and knowledge of traumatic dental injuries ...

Objectives: Prior studies have either claimed or disputed the role of mouthguard protection in reducing incidence concussion. Other than investigating a decrease concussion rate, no long term specifically compared effect type on severity The increasing head trauma sport, potential for long-term traumatic brain injury, and concerns rising medical costs, dictate focus variables that may influence...

Background: To increase the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment in children with various degrees of dental enamel caries resistance using a personified orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: The present study included 108 adults (6-16 years old) with the first class of occlusion who referred for the Department of Pediatric Dent...

OBJECTIVE To determine if there is evidence that equipment use reduces sport concussion risk and/or severity. DATA SOURCES 12 electronic databases were searched using a combination of Medical Subject Headings and text words to identify relevant articles. REVIEW METHODS Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select studies for review. Data extracted included design, study pop...