The intrinsic tongue muscle, genioglossus, and soft palatal muscles, tensor palatini, levator palatini and palatoglossus, are known to exhibit phasic respiratory activity and to respond reflexly to negative pressure in man, which may be important in the maintenance of upper airway patency. We hypothesized that the palatopharyngeus muscle should also have respiratory activity and increased activ...

To determine the combined effect of increased subatmospheric upper airway pressure and withdrawal of phasic volume feedback from the lung on genioglossus muscle activity, the response of this muscle to intermittent nasal airway occlusion was studied in 12 normal adult males during sleep. Nasal occlusion at end expiration was achieved by inflating balloon-tipped catheters located within the port...

Total respiratory impedance was assessed from 4 to 30 Hz in ten normal subjects breathing air and a helium-oxygen gas mixture using two methods of applying pressure oscillations at the airway opening: 1) the conventional method where pressure is varied at the mouth: 2) the method recently developed by Peslin et al. (J Appl Physiol, 1985, 59, 1790-1795) in which pressure is varied both at the mo...

AIM Obesity and allergic susceptibility are worsening problems in the most industrialised countries. With different mechanisms, they both lead to a deterioration of children's life quality because they affect the respiratory system, leading to asthma and respiratory disorders such as mouth breathing and obstructive sleep apnoea. The latter are related to specific types of malocclusions that req...

UNLABELLED Mouth breathers use the oral cavity as their principal breathing route. The main causes include: adenotonsillar hypertrophy and inflammatory diseases such as allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE To look for atopy, the main allergens involved and to check for atopy as a comorbidity with the degree of hypertrophy of the tonsils and adenoids in mouth breathers. METHOD A historical cohort st...

INTRODUCTION Hypertrophy of the adenoids and palatine tonsils is the second most frequent cause of upper respiratory obstruction and, consequently, mouth breathing in children. Prolonged mouth breathing leads to muscular and postural alterations which, in turn, cause dentoskeletal changes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine muscular, functional and dentoskeletal alterations in c...

Upper airway (UA) inflammation (oedema and hyperaemia) is frequently observed in snorers and patients with sleep apnoea/hypopnoea patients. The temperature of different UA regions measured in 11 male nonsnorers, 13 nonapnoeic snorers and 10 untreated sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS) patients using infra-red video recording. Measurements were taken with the mouth open during tidal volume m...

introduction the effects of periodontal diseases observed in adults have earlier inception in life period. gingival diseases in a child may progress to jeopardize the periodontium in adult hood. therefore, periodontal diseases must be prevented and diagnosed early in the life. periodontal diseases risk factors must also be identified. the aim of this research was to find the prevalence and iden...

The valve system in the mouth piece of two spacer devices was analysed. Pressures required to open and close the non-rebreathing valve were very low (less than 0.1 kPa). Inspiratory flow requirements were within physiological limits for infants' normal tidal breathing. Expiratory flow requirements varied significantly, and the flow required to prevent rebreathing from the chamber may exceed the...

Correspondence to: Eliane C. Rodrigues Corrêa Physiotherapy Department Federal University of Santa Maria – RS Rua Tuiuti 2462/803, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97050420 e-mail: [email protected] Abstract This article studied the relationship among respiratory, masticatory and cervical muscles and the factors that contribute for TMD. It consists in a review of studies approaching dysfunctional br...