Rhythmic sequences of steps and pools in steep mountain streams have captured the attention of numerous workers, but whether periodicities exist in the occurrence of step-pools has not been investigated in a comprehensive way, and the implications for such periodicities have not been explored. Spectral analysis was applied to bed elevation data from streams in the Santa Monica Mountains of sout...

[1] Orogenic structure appears to be partially controlled by the addition to and removal of material from the mountain belt by tectonic accretion and geomorphic erosion, respectively. We developed a coupled erosion-deformation model for orogenic wedges that are in erosional steady state and deform at their Coulomb failure limit. Erosional steady state is reached when all material introduced int...

BACKGROUND Bacterial communities are essential to the biogeochemical cycle in riverine ecosystems. However, little is presently known about the integrated biogeography of planktonic and sedimentary bacterial communities in large rivers. RESULTS This study provides the first spatiotemporal pattern of bacterial communities in the Yangtze River, the largest river in Asia with a catchment area of...

volcanic landform can be as terrain legacies from the past to the present era be considered. these heritage of land in terms of their unique characteristics can be considered as geomorphosite in the scientific community and the public. the evaluation of resources is one of the most important tasks of geotourism research.and thereby become profitable and thriving tourism industry in their own di...

Zapadnyy Bulganak, Alma, Kacha, Belbek, Chernaya rivers belong to the of north-western slope Crimean Mountains. The sources are located on slopes Main Ridge Mountains, then flow from east west almost parallel each other. Up about middle their course, they have a character typical mountain streams (except for Bulganak River). river valleys in upper reaches V-shaped, narrow, dissected by numerous...

Methane (CH4 ) fluxes from world rivers are still poorly constrained, with measurements restricted mainly to temperate climates. Additional river flux measurements, including spatio-temporal studies, are important to refine extrapolations. Here we assess the spatio-temporal variability of CH4 fluxes from the Amazon and its main tributaries, the Negro, Solimões, Madeira, Tapajós, Xingu, and Pará...

The windings of rivers have long fascinated their human observers. For example, Aboriginal legend explains the sinuous pattern of the modern Finke River (Fig. 1) as the creation of the immense and powerful Rainbow Serpent as he emerged during the Dreamtime from deep waterholes. Recently in PNAS (1), a new theory for the general origin of such sinuous flow patterns was published, which follows f...

Gregory Bateson was one of the last and most distinguished products of the school of anthropology that Haddon and Rivers created in Cambridge after the Torres Strait Expedition. Beginning his career shortly after Rivers' death, Bateson used the interwar years to create a theoretical approach that continued and deflected that of Haddon and Rivers. His major ethnography from this period, Naven, e...

1. Comparative research and generalisations in lotic ecology are challenged by the dynamic hydrology of fluvial systems. The aim of this study was to understand more fully how factors such as light, nutrients and flow can predict variation in autochthonous production and algal biomass. 2. We measured seasonal changes in percent bankfull discharge, inorganic nutrient concentrations, turbidity, i...