Abstract In this work, the state -space nonlocal strain gradient theory is used for vibration analysis of magneto thermo piezoelectric functionally graded material (FGM) nanobeam. An FGM constituent properties stated by using power law relations. The refined higher order beam and Hamilton’s principle have been to obtain motion equations. Besides, governing equations nanobeam are extracted devel...

This manuscript describes a new method to generate purely diffusive chemical gradients that can be modified in time. The device is simple in its design and easy to use, which makes it amenable to study biological processes that involve static or dynamic chemical gradients such as chemotaxis. We describe the theory underlying the convection-free gradient generator, illustrate the design to imple...

In X-ray interference fringes accompanied by mirage diffraction, variations have been observed in the spacing and position of the fringes from a plane-parallel Si single crystal fixed at one end as a function of distance from the incident plane of the X-rays to the free crystal end. The variations can be explained by distortion of the sample crystal due to gravity. From the variations and posit...

We develop the method of stochastic modified equations (SME), in which stochastic gradient algorithms are approximated in the weak sense by continuous-time stochastic differential equations. We exploit the continuous formulation together with optimal control theory to derive novel adaptive hyper-parameter adjustment policies. Our algorithms have competitive performance with the added benefit of...

By utilizing methods recently developed in the theory of fluid interfaces, we provide a new framework for considering the localization of deformation and illustrate it for the case of hyperelastic materials. The approach overcomes one of the major shortcomings in constitutive equations for solids admitting localization of deformation at finite strains, i.e. their inability to provide physically...

In depth cue-conflict conditions, various depth cues could represent different extents of depth. Previous studies have investigated the perceived size of negative afterimage in depth cue-correlated conditions in which different cues introduce almost the same amounts of depth to the visual system. This study examined the perceived size of the afterimage in the human observers in a condition that...

Abstract We propose a phase-field theory for enriched continua. To generalize classical models, we derive the gradient based on balances of microforces, microtorques, and mass. focus materials where second gradients phase field describe long-range interactions. By considering nontrivial interaction inside body, described by boundary-edge microtraction, characterize existence hypermicrotraction ...

Abstract We present a novel geometrically nonlinear EAS element with several desirable features. First, Petrov–Galerkin ansatz significantly improves the element's performance in distorted meshes without loosing simple strain‐driven format. Second, recently proposed mixed integration point strategy is employed to improve robustness Newton–Raphson scheme. Finally and most importantly, we enhance...

For very shallow indentations in W, Al, Au, and Fe-3wt%Si single crystals, hardness decreased with increasing depth irrespective of increasing or decreasing strain gradients. As such, strain gradient theory appears insufficient to explain the indentation size effect (ISE) at depths less than several hundred nanometers. Present research links the ISE to a ratio between the energy of newly create...