نتایج جستجو برای: modern crop varieties
تعداد نتایج: 290957 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Photosynthetic efficiency is a critical determinant of crop yield potential, although it remains below the theoretical optimum in modern crop varieties. Enhancing mesophyll conductance (i.e. the rate of carbon dioxide diffusion from substomatal cavities to the sites of carboxylation) may increase photosynthetic and water use efficiencies. To improve water use efficiency, mesophyll conductance s...
The current low incidence of sugarcane diseases in the South African sugar industry has been hardwon. This achievement is due largely to the selection and release of resistant varieties. Consequently, current estimates of crop loss due to smut and mosaic indicate reductions in yield of only 0.2% in total, equivalent to R7 million per annum. In the absence of an RSD variety resistance screening ...
In order to understand the impact of breeding on genetic diversity and gain insights into temporal trends in diversity in chickpea, a set of 100 chickpea varieties released in 14 countries between 1948 and 2012 were re-sequenced. For analysis, the re-sequencing data for 29 varieties available from an earlier study was also included. Copy number variations and presence absence variations identif...
Landraces are key elements of agricultural biodiversity that have long been considered a source of useful traits. Their importance goes beyond subsistence agriculture and the essential need to preserve genetic diversity, because landraces are farmer-developed populations that are often adapted to environmental conditions of significance to tackle environmental concerns. It is therefore increasi...
Modern agriculture is based on the notion that nitrate is the main source of nitrogen (N) for crops, but nitrate is also the most mobile form of N and easily lost from soil. Efficient acquisition of nitrate by crops is therefore a prerequisite for avoiding off-site N pollution. Sugarcane is considered the most suitable tropical crop for biofuel production, but surprisingly high N fertilizer app...
Maize is the most productive and highest value commodity crop in the U.S. and around the world: over 1 billion tons were produced each year in 2013 and 2014 (FAO, 2016). Together, maize, rice, and wheat comprise over 60% of the world’s caloric intake (http://www.fao.org). The importance of maize in terms of production and caloric intake is not a recent development. In fact, Native Americans hav...
Much of modern agriculture is based on immense populations of genetically identical or near-identical varieties, called cultivars. However, advancement of knowledge, and thus experimental utility, is found through biodiversity, whether naturally-found or induced by the experimenter. Globally we are confronted by ever-growing food and energy challenges. Here we demonstrate how such biodiversity ...
The main biological feature of potato varieties is vegetative reproduction. This mode reproduction can be associated with problems due to the physiological ageing crop and accumulation specific pathogens causing reduced tuber yields. In order avoid these problems, seed production widely uses modern biotechnological methods. use meristemic technologies allows preserving identity biomaterial in p...
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is one of the stable tuber crops consumed by many households in Nigeria. It can be found in different varieties and exist in many colours of skin and flesh. The production of this important crop is still very low, thereby compromising food security. Sweet potato is one of the target commodity crops under the Nigerian Agriculture Sector Investment Opportun...
Abstract Seasonal drought is the most important factor to limit the production of maize in the world. Using a split plot design, a two year field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of limited irrigation regime on yield, yield components and water use efficiency of sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata). Responses of three sweet corn varieties KSC403, Merit and Obsession to three di...
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