Scientific, commercial, exploration, and monitoring applications of underwater sensor networks have drawn the attention researchers toward investigation routing protocols that are robust, scalable, energy efficient. This has brought significant research in network layer protocols. Irrespective field application it is desirable to increase lifetime by reducing consumed nodes or balancing entire ...

Wireless sensor networks (W.S.N.s) are a critical research area with numerous practical applications. W.S.N.s utilized in real-life scenarios, including environmental monitoring, healthcare, industrial automation, smart homes, and agriculture. As advance become more sophisticated, they offer limitless opportunities for innovative solutions various fields. However, due to their unattended nature...

Wireless ad hoc Sensor networks are gaining increasing attention as they are suitable to monitor a wide variety of environments, where the deployment of classical wired communication infrastructure is neither economical, nor possible. The network collects environmental information which, in turn, is sent to a sink node (accessible to external users) when the connection with the sink node is ava...

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a broad network consisting of a number of sensor nodes in it. WSN is used mainly for monitoring and data aggregation purpose. A best plan of opponent may to attack the sink node which is the aggregation point for the whole network. So, first there comes a need to secure the sink node from adversary. There are previous work are done by providing location privacy ...