Redox conditions in magma oceans (MOs) have a key influence on the mass and composition of Earth’s early atmosphere. If the shallow part of the MO is oxidized, it may be overlain by an H2O–CO2 atmosphere, but if the near-surface magma is close to equilibrium with Fe-rich alloy, then the atmosphere will consist chiefly of H2, H2O, and CO, and on cooling will be rich in CH4. Although MOs are inti...

In this work, the concentration gradient (CG) analysis of local-scale exploration for Porphyry-Cu deposits is applied in two zones using the G(Vz) index (CG(Zn*Pb)/CG(Cu*Mo)). The first zone is covered by a 1:2000 map of the Sungun and Astamal areas in NW Iran and the second one in the Inza area in British Columbia, Canada. The rock samples are taken from Sungun and Astamal and the soil samples...

Metallic alloys are normally composed of multiple constituent elements in order to achieve integration of a plurality of properties required in technological applications. However, conventional alloy development paradigm, by sequential trial-and-error approach, requires completely unrelated strategies to optimize compositions out of a vast phase space, making alloy development time consuming an...

Ag-alloy bonding wires containing various Pd and Au elements and traditional 4 N Au and Pd-coated 4 N Cu bonding wires were stressed with a current density of 1.23 ˆ 105 A/cm2 in air. The amounts of annealing twins in the Ag-alloy wires were much higher than those in Au and Pd-coated Cu wires. The percentages of twinned grains in these Ag-alloy wires increased obviously with current stressing. ...

Bioleaching processes for extraction of Cu and Mo from molybdenite cons. are more environmentally friendly and consume less energy than conventional technologies, yet less economically efficient. One necessary step towards arriving at a cost-effective bioleaching process is using appropriate methodology to optimize pertinent factors in such processes. To this end, the present study employed Res...

Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (TTM) is the treatment of choice for chronic Cu poisoning in sheep and is recommended in Wilson's disease. However, the long-term effects have not been fully evaluated and some evidence questions the long-term safety of the drug. The aim of the present study was to investigate the systemic distribution and retention of Cu and Mo in TTM-treated sheep of different bree...

Three types of inexpensive Pb-free solder joints, namely Zn-based and Bi-based solders, and a CuSn alloy were studied for application to the high-temperature operation of wide band-gap power semiconductor devices using GaN or SiC. Zn– Al solder sheets, whose melting point is 380°C were prepared, and then surface oxides were removed by RF plasma etching. Subsequently, Cu thin films were deposite...

Under some conditions, the use of high-sulphur fertilisers has been thought to be associated with an increase in the incidence of copper deficiency among ruminants grazing the fertilised pastures or fed treated herbage. In this study 35 Romney lambs grazing ryegrass–white clover pasture of low molybdenum content (<0.5 mg Mo/kg DM) received dietary supplements of elemental S and Cu 3 times weekl...

The rumen is the site of significant interactions between Cu, S and Mo. It also shows reactions between Cu, S and Fe. The interaction between Mo and S results in the formation of thiomolybdates, which in the absence of adequate quantities of rumen Cu are absorbed into the animal and bind to Cu in biological compounds. This is the cause of thiomolybdate toxicity, often misleadingly called Cu def...

Owing to intrinsic scientific interest and its immense importance in catalysis technology, the oxidation of carbon monoxide has attracted much attention in the past few decades. The reaction is effectively catalyzed by certain noble metals, such as gold, platinum, palladium, and rhodium. Among all of these metals, gold exhibits an extraordinarily high activity because CO molecules adsorb strong...