Researchers in science education have demonstrated that students can hold several different understandings of a single concept and apply them inconsistently to tasks related to the concept. Many studies have been conducted to investigate how these coexisting and competing understandings of concepts affect the process of conceptual development. Based on the context dependence of learning, we dev...

Covering graphs of various types of finite partially ordered sets have been extensively studied since Ore in [2] asked for a characterization of such graphs in general. In this note we introduce a graph, called the m-chain graph of a poset, that reduces to the covering graph when m = 1. Since we will show how to construct the m-chain graph for m > 2 as the 2-chain graph of another poset, we are...

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Biodiesel Production from Mixed Culture Algae Via a Wet Lipid Extraction Procedure

A direction-length framework is a pair (G, p), where G = (V ;D,L) is a ‘mixed’ graph whose edges are labeled as ‘direction’ or ‘length’ edges, and p is a map from V to R for some d. The label of an edge uv represents a direction or length constraint between p(u) and p(v). Let G be obtained from G by adding, for each length edge e of G, a direction edge with the same end vertices as e. We show t...

Bicyclic Mixed Triple Systems by Benkam Benedict Bobga In the study of triple systems, one question faced is that of finding for what order a decomposition exists. We state and prove a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a bicyclic mixed triple system based on the three possible partial orientations of the 3-cycle with twice as many arcs as edges. We also explore the existen...

Monitoring fine particulate matter with diameters of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is a critical endeavor in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region, which is one of the most polluted areas in China. Polar orbit satellites are limited by observation frequency, which is insufficient for understanding PM2.5 evolution. As a geostationary satellite, Himawari-8 can obtain hourly optical depths (AODs) and ...

This paper focuses on the potential applications of hybrid reality in the cultural sphere, where media and technologies can be used for multisensory stimulation and interaction. We investigate the capacity of hybrid spaces to incite alternative states of consciousness, similar to what mystics, alchemists and shamans describe as a journey towards rapture (a state of overwhelming emotion). The tw...