among the food products, grains play an important role in the consumption patterns of people, especially in the developing countries. since iran's main source of public dietary energy comes directly from grains, investigating and identifying the determinants of import of these products can be an important step towards food security. most experimental studies consider import of grains as only a ...

Eating healthy at college is possible. Many college dining services are offering more healthy choices and are often quite receptive to students' concerns and dietary preferences. But, this is only part of the challenge. In an environment where time, friends, and finances may combine in new ways, having options available only solves some of the puzzle. It's important to experiment with what work...

BACKGROUND Due to the increasing evidence of their health benefits, whole grains are recommended for consumption worldwide. Such recommendations are, however, rarely quantitative. Our aim was to perform a quantitative evaluation of the relationship between whole grain consumption and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) to support a recommendation on the daily consumption of whole grains. ...

Mineral dust supplied to remote ocean regions stimulates phytoplankton growth through delivery of micronutrients, notably iron (Fe). Although attention is usually paid to Fe (hydr)oxides as major sources of available Fe, Fe-bearing clay minerals are typically the dominant phase in mineral dust. The mineralogy and chemistry of clay minerals in dust particles, however, are largely unknown. We con...

Spontaneous stratification of granular mixtures has been reported by Makse et al. @Nature ~London! 386, 379 ~1997!# when a mixture of grains differing in size and shape is poured in a quasi-two-dimensional heap. We study this phenomenon using two different approaches. First, we introduce a cellular automaton model that illustrates clearly the physical mechanism; the model displays stratificatio...

Oxygen isotopic measurements of 20 spinel (MgAl2O4) grains from the CM2 meteorite Murray (average diameter 0.45 m), seven spinel grains from ordinary chondrites (OC, 0.3 to 2 m) and three spinel grains from the CI chondrite Orgueil (0.4 to 0.7 m) have revealed large anomalies and thus established their presolar origin. Their O isotopic ratios fall into all four previously defined groups and ind...

The authors of this study used the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010) to investigate trends in diet quality in the U.S. adult population from 1999 to 2010 using a sample of 29,124 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1). A higher AHEI-2010 score indicated a more healthful diet. The index’s components were scored from 0 to 10. For fruits, vegetables, who...

The utilization of whole grains in food formulations is nowadays recommended. Extrusion cooking allows obtaining precooked cereal products and a wide range of ready-to-eat foods. Two rice varieties having different amylose content (Fortuna 16% and Paso 144, 27%) were extruded using a Brabender single screw extruder. Factorial experimental design was used to study the effects of extrusion temper...

Aeolian sand beds exhibit regular patterns of ripples resulting from the interaction between topography and sediment transport. Their characteristics have been so far related to reptation transport caused by the impacts on the ground of grains entrained by the wind into saltation. By means of direct numerical simulations of grains interacting with a wind flow, we show that the instability turns...